Definitions
The retention of information or experience over time.
What is memory?
Grouping or “packing” information into higher-order units that can be remembered as single units.
What is Chunking?
The conscious recollection of information that can be verbally communicated.
What is Explicit Memory?
A memory task in which the person must retrieve previously learned information.
What is Recall?
Focusing on a specific aspect of experience while ignoring others.
What is selective attention?
The process by which information gets into memory storage.
What is Encoding?
The conscious repetition of information.
What is rehearsal?
Memory in which behavior is affected by prior experience without a conscious recollection of that experience.
What is Implicit memory?
the tendency to recall the items at the beginning and end of a list more readily than those in the middle.
What is the Serial Positioning effect?
Concentrating on more than one activity at the same time.
What is Divided Attention?
Involves holding information from thew world in its original sensory form, for only an instant.
What is Sensory Memory?
A combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow individuals to hold information temporarily as they perform cognitive tasks.
What is Working Memory?
information about the where, when, and what of life’s happenings.
What is Episodic Memory?
A memory task in which the person only has to identify learned items.
What is recognition?
The ability to maintain attention to a selected stimulus for a prolonged period of time.
What is sustained attention?
limited-capacity memory system in which information is usually retained for only as long as 30 sections unless strategies are used to retain it longer.
What is Short Term Memory?
briefly stores speech-based information; consists of an acoustic code and rehearsal.
What is Phonological Loop?
The activation of information already in storage, to help remember new information better and faster.
What is Priming?
The process of recalling information in the same context in which it was learned.
What is context-dependent Memory?
Directing attention to engage in higher-level cognitive functioning.
What is executive attention?
Stores huge amounts of information for a long time.
What is Long Term Memory?
Functions independently of the phonological loop.
What is the visual- Spatial Sketchpad?
A preexisting mental concept or framework that helps people to organize and interpret information.
What is a schema?
A special form of episodic memory, consisting of a person’s recollections of their life experiences.
What is autobiographical memory?
A continuum of memory processing from shallow to deep.
What are levels of Processing?