Understanding Solutions
What is a solution?
a mixture containing a solvent and at least one solute and has the same properties throughout
false
Acids are corrosive. What does that mean?
"eating away" at other materials
T/F: acids produce hydroxide ions (OH-) while bases produce hydrogen ions (H+)
false; visa verse
What type of solution has a pH of 7?
Neutral
What is the difference between a solvent and a solute?
solvent - part of the solution usually present in the largest amount
solute - substance that is being dissolved (smaller amount)
What is one way to increase the solubility of sugar in water?
heat it up
what is an indicator?
litmus paper; a compound that changes color when it come in contact with acid
What is neutralization?
a reaction between an acid and a base
ionic and polar compounds __________ in water because water molecules are polar
dissolve
What are the three types of mixtures?
solution, colloid, and suspension
Lemonade that tastes mostly like water is ....
a dilute solution
What does hydrochloric acid do in our bodies?
aids in digestion
t/f; if a substance has a pH of 11 it is very acidic
false; basic
t/f; among the factors that affect the solubility of a substance are type of solvent, pressure, and time.
false; temp
How can a scientists safely tell whether an unknown solutions is salt in water or sugar in water?
testing the electrical conductivity of the solution
What are the factors that can affect the solubility of a substance?
pressure, type of solvent, and temperature
what color do acids turn litmus paper? what color do bases turn litmus paper?
red, blue
pH scale ranges from ......
0 =
14=
0-14; acidic and basic
How might you tell is a food contains an acid?
sour tasting and causing blue litmus paper to turn red
What happens when a solid compound dissolves in water
each of its particles becomes surrounded by water molecules
What is the formula for calculating concentration?
the amount of solute/total amount of solution x 100
2 characteristics of acids and 2 characteristics of bases
cobb's discretion
What are the products of neutralization?
water and salt
Describe the differences among solutions, colloids, and suspensions
Solutions have very small particles that do not settle, colloids scatter light and do not settle, and suspensions do setter and have large particles