Cartilage
Which cartilage is the most abundant in the body?
Hyaline cartilage
Contains blood vessels and nerve supply in an osteon
What are the keystone of the cranium?
Sphenoid bone
Longest and strongest bone of the body
Femur
A degree in mobility that is slightly movable
Amphiarthrosis
What are chondrocytes?
Mature cartilage cells responsible for maintenance of cartilage
The type of bone that has trabeculae or little "beams" of bone.
Spongey (cancellous) bone
Which ribs are considered as false ribs?
Ribs 8-12, 11-12 floating ribs
Triangular seismoid bone
Patella
A viscous fluid similar to raw egg white to reduce friction between the articular cartilage of synovial joints during movement.
Synovial fluid
Tendon is for _______, Ligament is for _______
Tendon is for muscles to muscles attachment. Ligaments are for bone to bone attachment.
Classification of bones
Long, short, flat and irregular
Acts as a movable base of the tongue
Hyoid bone
8 carpal bones
Scaphoid, lunate, triquetral, and pisiform
Trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate
Type of movement which the thumb moves across the palm to touch the tips of other fingers
Opposition
Two ways cartilages grow
Appositional growth - Chondroblasts in surrounding perichondrium produce new cartilage (longer)
Interstitial growth - Chondrocytes within cartilage divide and secrete new matrix (wider)
What are functions of bones?
Support—provide hard framework
Movement—skeletal muscles use bones as levers
Protection of underlying organs
Mineral storage—reservoir for important minerals
Blood cell formation—bone contains red marrow
Energy metabolism—osteoblasts secrete osteocalcin
List auditory ossicles
Malleus, incus, and stapes
Three different arches of the foot.
Medial longitudinal arch, Transverse arch and Lateral longitudinal arch
six different types of synovial joints
Plane, Hinge, Pivot, Condylar, Saddle and Ball-and-socket
Elasticity of each cartilage (most elastic to least elastic)
Elastic, Hyaline, and Fibrocartilage
Two types of bone ossification
Intramembraneous ossification and Endochondral ossification
Five major regions of vetebral column
7 cervical vertebrae of the neck region (7am cereal)
12 thoracic vertebrae (12pm turkey)
5 lumbar vertebrae (5pm lamb)
Sacrum—five fused bones
Coccyx—inferior to sacrum
Body weight is borne primarily by the ____ and ______
Talus and calcaneus
The most freely movable joint and lacks stability thus prone to injury
Shoulder joint