Cells/Microscopes
Organelles
Organelles
Organelles
Structures & Organelles
100
T or F: Eukaryotic cells are generally smaller than prokaryotic cells
False. Eukaryotic cells are generally larger than prokaryotic cells
100
The _______ is a selective barrier that allows sufficient passage of oxygen, nutrients, and waste to service the volume of every cell.
Plasma membrane
100
What are the 2 types of ER and how do they physically differ?
Smooth ER- Lack Ribosomes Rough ER- Surface studded with ribosomes.
100
Mitochondria vs. Chloroplast
Mitochondria- Site of cell respiration Chloroplast- Site of photosynthesis in photosynthetic organisms
100
The cytoskeleton interacts with _____ proteins to produce mobility.
motor
200
Prokaryotes do not have a _________ or _______-_________ organelles. Where is their genetic material located?
No nucleus or membrane-bound organelles; Genetic material = in nucleoid.
200
The ______ contains most of the DNA in a eukaryotic cell. This contains most of the cell's genes and is usually the most conspicuous (most visible) organelle.
Nucleus
200
The rough ER is a membrane factory for the cell because?
It adds membrane proteins (can be used for transport, ect ) to the phospholipid bilayer.
200
In animal cells, microtubles grow from a ______ near the nucleus.
centrosome
200
______ are specialized metabolic compartments bounded by a single membrane. They produce hydrogen peroxide and covert it to water to help with lipid metabolism and chemical detoxification.
peroxisomes
300
What are the basic features of all cells?
Plasma membrane, cytosol/cytoplasm, chromosomes (genetic material), ribosomes
300
Ribosomes use the information from the _____ to make proteins.
DNA. The process of DNA > RNA > Protein is called gene expression.
300
What organelle replenishes lipids for the phospholipid bilayer and can be called the bilayer factory for the cell?
Smooth ER
300
Cilia and flagella help a cell with?
movement of cell
300
Can you label a chloroplast?
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-Q9CmgJVUqU0/VLLWR99M1XI/AAAAAAAAAIU/t7ICsyvARfY/s1600/Screen%2BShot%2B2015-01-11%2Bat%2B2.59.11%2BPM.png
400
Why is a small cell favored?
A small cell has a higher SA/V ratio. A lower Surface Area and a lower Volume results in a higher SA/V ratio.
400
The _____ _______ encloses the nucleus, separating it from the cytoplasm.
Nuclear Envelope
400
Describe or Draw chromatin, a chromosome, and a chromatid.
Chromatin- the DNA and proteins of chromosomes together (gets condensed into chromosomes) Chromosome- consists of 2 sister chromatids. Composed of a single DNA molecule associated with proteins. DNA is wrapped around the proteins for protection.
400
What are the 3 structures of the cytoskeleton and what do they do?
Microtubules- shape cell, guide movement of organelles, separate chromosomes during cell division, control beating of flagella and cilia. Microfilaments AKA Actin filaments- contain protein actin & myosin running parallel to each other to help with muscle movement. Intermediate filaments- support cell shape and fix organelles in place
400
Can you label a mitochondria?
http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-YHzd6l4tj-M/Vd6m7__JHFI/AAAAAAAAZPI/JEwCfZH5r_w/s1600/mitochondrion%2B2.png
500
Which type of electron microscope produces images that look 3D?
Scanning electron microscope (SEMs)
500
_____ regulate the entry and exit of molecules from the nucleus.
Pores
500
The nuclear size of the envelope is lined by the _____ _____, which is composed of proteins and maintains the shape of the nucleus.
nuclear lamina
500
The golgi apparatus can be called the packing service of the cell. It has a cis and trans face. Which face receives "packages" and which "ships" them?
Cis face- receiving side of golgi apparatus (receives transport vesicles) trans- shipping side of golgi apparatus (ships transport vesicles)
500
Vacuoles are lage vesicles derived from the ER and golgi apparatus. What are the 3 types and what do they do?
Food vacuole- formed by phagocytosis aka "cell eating" - a cell engulfing another cell. Contractile vacuole- Pumps excess water out of the cell. Central Vacuole- Found in many mature plants. Hold organic compounds and water.
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