Enzymes Etc
what does an enzyme do?
speeds up a reaction by lowering activation energy
what is an endergonic reaction?
reaction that absorbs energy
where does glycolysis happen?
cytoplasm
what is the net reaction of glycolysis?
(what goes in, what comes out)
glucose --> 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH (+2 H2O)
what is an aerobic reaction?
a reaction that requires oxygen to be present in order for the reaction to occur
what is competitive inhibition?
an inhibitor fits into the active site of the enzyme, competing for the active site
reaction that releases energy
where does pyruvate processing happen?
mitochondrial matrix
what is the net reaction of pyruvate processing for 1 glucose?
(what goes in, what comes out)
2 pyruvate --> 2 acetyl CoA + 2 NADH + 2 CO2
what happens during the energy investment phase of glycolysis?
2 ATP are used up
what is noncompetitive inhibition?
inhibitor binds at someplace other than the active site
what is a catabolic reaction?
breaks things down
where does the citric acid cycle happen?
mitochondrial matrix
what is the net reaction of the citric acid cycle for one glucose?
(what goes in, what comes out)
2 acetyl CoA --> 2 ATP + 6 NADH + 2 FADH2 + 4 CO2
which has more potential energy: 1 glucose or 1 ATP?
1 glucose
what is the difference between a reversible and an irreversible reaction?
reversible can be undone
irreversible cannot be undone
what is an anabolic reaction?
building things
where does the electron transport chain happen?
what makes the ATP gained in the electron transport chain?
ATP synthase
when does fermentation happen?
when there's not enough oxygen
what is the name of the high energy bonds in ATP?
phosphoanhydride bonds
what is reaction coupling?
using the energy released from an exergonic reaction to fuel an endergonic reaction
how many ATP are made from one glucose going through cell respiration?
32-36 ATP
what is the terminal electron acceptor of the electron transport chain?
oxygen, O2
name two electron carriers
NAD+/NADH
FAD/FADH2