Crime
Define criminology
What is the study of crime that focuses on aspects of crime, criminals, and the criminal justice system
What is Jim Crow
Who coined the theory "Culture of Poverty" in 1959?
Who is Oscar Lewis
This term refers to behavior, beliefs, or traits that violate a societal norm and lead to negative reactions
What is deviance
What are five predications that can be made based on one's SES?
What are family, health, education, work/income, and criminal justice
What is a hate crime?
What is a crime that specifically targets a victim due to their demographic characteristics such as race, gender, and sexual orientation
What does apartheid mean?
What is the system of segregation of racial and ethnic groups that was legal in South Africa between 1948 and 1991
What is the term for the process by which attitudes and behaviors are passed down from one generation to the next, perpetuating cycles of impoverished living conditions?
What is the transmission of culture?
Formal or informal mechanisms used to enhance conformity to societal norms
What is social control
What is a social system with limited opportunities to move from one class to another?
What is a closed system
What are the four main approaches to punishment?
What is deterrence, retribution, incapacitation, and rehabilitation
What is an example of modern day slavery?
What is women and children working in a brickyard in Pakistan?
What mindset, common in individuals living in poverty leads them to believe their socioeconomic circumstances are unchangeable and reduces their motivation to improve their situation?
What is resignation/fatalism
This concept refers to the tension that arises when individuals cannot achieve societal goals through accepted means
What is strain theory
What are three types of social mobility?
What are intergenerational mobility, intragenerational mobility, and structural mobility
What kind of crime is committed by a high-status individual in the course of his occupation?
What is white collar crime?
What is an example of modern day slavery?
Women and children working in a brickyard in Pakistan?
In the United States, how many people, or what percentage of the population, live below the poverty line often making poverty an unseen issue?
What is 41 million people or 12% of the population
This concept in labeling theory refers to the initial act that leads to an individual being labeled as deviant
What is primary deviance
Relative deprivation is what type of measure?
What is a comparative measure
What is the Uniform Crime Report?
What is the measurement of crime in the US produced by by the FBI'S report of crimes by more then 18,000 law enforcement agencies
What was south africa’s social class system like?
What is four groups categorized racially that were geographically and socially separated from one another
What movement promotes ethical sustainability, urban foraging, and minimalism by minimizing participation in conventional economic system?
What is freeganism
According to this theory, deviance serves to clarify a society's moral boundaries and promote social cohesion
What is deviance in functionalism