Conflict in 13 Colonies
Why did American soldiers attack Québec in 1775?
They thought the Canadiens would welcome them as liberators. They saw them as invaders (they remained loyal to Britain).
Who is involved in the War of 1812?
Everyone in North America.
Who is a refugee?
A person who seeks protection in another country to escape danger in their own country
Why is Lord Durham sent to Canada?
To find a solution to stop the rebellions.
What is an Underground Railroad?
A secret network that transported enslaved African American escapees to the British colonies where they could be free.
What was the Americans issue with Britain?
high taxes on British imports
trade restrictions allowing trade only with Britain
a lack of control over daily affairs in the Thirteen Colonies
Who is Chief Tecumseh?
Leader of Shawnee people and when war began, he helped organize the Indigenous to support the British against the Americans.
What was life like for newcomers to British North America (soon to be Canada)?
When they reached their plot of land, each family faced the same challenge: clearing the dense forest. The rugged environment and harsh climate made it difficult.
What are the 2 suggestions he makes to fix the situation in Canada?
Unite Canada by establishing the Act of Union.
Develop a responsible government.
What is a Quarantine Station?
A building where people suspected of carrying a contagious illness are kept.
Who are the loyalists?
They were the 1/3 of Americans who remained loyal to Britain during the rebellion. The Americans considered them traitors.
Who suffers the greatest losses during the war?
The Indigenous.
Those with the most power were Anglophones with connections to Britain. These people tended to pass laws that favoured their own interests. What were the people called who tried to change this form of government?
Reformers
Upper and Lower Canada were renamed what?
Canada West and Canada East.
What is a "liberator"?
Someone who releases someone from oppressors, confinement, or foreign control.
What two colonies did Nova Scotia split into?
New Brunswick and Cape Breton.
What was created at the end of the war?
49th parallel of latitude - a political boundary between the United States and Canada.
Between 1815 and 1850, more than 800 000 immigrants came to British North America during the Great Migration. The main reason that people began to leave their homelands was?
The colonies offered free land and a chance for a better life.
What is meant by responsible government?
The elected assembly had complete control over all matters with the Governor acting as a “rubber stamp”.
What is the Constitution Act of 1791--what did it do and why?
It divided the colonies into Upper and Lower Canada to accommodate the various needs of the Loyalists (British) and the Canadiens (French).
What was the most important purpose of the Constitutional Act of 1791?
It divided Quebec into Upper and Lower Canada and gave them each a new form of government - an appointed governor and his appointed councils.
What were the four (4) main reasons the War of 1812 began?
Britain was at war with France and prevented Americans from trading with French.
British kidnapped American sailors and forced them to serve for Britain.
British supported First Nations in land struggle.
Americans wanted British colonies.
What was the main cause of the 1837 rebellion in British North America (soon to be Canada)?
Lack of responsible government. They were successful in the rebellion because Britain had to consider granting a responsible government.
Durham failed to recognize what about the Canadiens?
Failed to recognize Canadien unique identity
Failed to credit Canadien for their contributions to Canada
What is a deadlock?
A situation, typically involving opposing parties, in which no progress can be made.