Stress & Faults
Seismic Waves
Volcano Basics
Volcanic Landforms
Miscellaneous
100
__________ is a force that changes the shape or volume of a rock.
Stress
100
What are the three forms of seismic waves? List them in the order in which they arrive.
1) P waves 2) S waves 3) Surface waves
100
What is the molten material found inside the Earth called?
magma
100
Inside a volcano, magma collects in a pocket called a _____________.
magma chamber
100
Molten material that has reached the surface of the Earth is called __________.
lava
200
What type of stress stretches rock? What type of stress squeezes rock?
Tension stretches rock. Compression squeezes rock.
200
The area beneath the Earth's surface where the rock under stress actually breaks and triggers an earthquake is called the __________.
focus
200
An area where magma melts through the crust in the middle of a tectonic plate is called a/an ______________________.
hot spot
200
A small volcanic mountain with high viscosity lava.
cinder cone volcano
200
Most volcanic mountains form at what type of plate boundary?
convergent
300
What type of fault occurs when the hanging wall moves down along the foot wall. Include a diagram to support your answer.
normal fault
300
What is the name of the device used to measure ground movements caused by an earthquake?
seismograph
300
An area two oceanic plates collide and form a string of volcanic islands.
island arc
300
Shield volcanoes are formed by _______________.
thin layers of lava hardened on top of each other
300
A break in the Earth's crust where large slabs of rock slip past each other is a/an _____________.
fault
400
Draw and correctly label a syncline and an anticline.
400
What is the name of the system/scale that estimates the total energy released by an earthquake?
moment magnitude scale
400
Light colored, slow moving, cooler lava that has a high viscosity is called ______________.
aa
400
Mount Fuji and Mount St. Helen's are examples of ___________.
composite or stratovolcanoes
400
What process causes magma to form, which then leads to the formation of a volcano? How does the magma actually form?
Process - subduction. The extreme heat and pressure melts the rock of the plate above to create magma.
500
A plateau is an uplifting of a large area of the Earth's crust. The Colorado Plateau is in the four corners of which 4 states? (Hint: It's called the Colorado Plateau for a reason)
Colorado, New Mexico, Arizona and Utah
500
The scale that was developed to rate earthquakes based on the level of damage at a given place is called _____________.
The Mercalli Scale
500
What is the name given to an explosive eruption that hurls out a mixture of lava, hot gases, ash, cinders and bombs?
pyroclastic flow
500
Crater Lake in Oregon formed when a volcano erupted over 7000 years ago. The caldera filled with water creating a lake, eventually a small cinder cone formed inside the caldera creating an island. What is the name of the island?
Wizard Island
500
What type of rock forms when light colored magma, high in silica, cools and hardens?
granite
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