Forces in Earth's Crust
Earthquakes and Seismic Waves
Monitoring Earthquakes
Earthquake Safety
Vocab
100
The three types of faults.
What are normal, reverse, and strike-slip faults?
100
The shaking and trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface.
What is an earthquake?
100
A device geologists use to record seismic waves that occur.
What is a seismograph?
100
Drop, cover, and hold.
What is the best way to take cover during an earthquake?
100
What an earthquake's violent shaking suddenly turns loose soft soil into liquid mud.
What is Liquefaction?
200
Type of fault where the hanging wall goes above the footwall.
What is a reverse fault?
200
The point on the surface directly above the focus.
What is the epicenter?
200
The record of an earthquakes seismic waves recorded by a seismograph.
What is a seismogram?
200
An earthquake that occurs after a large earthquake in the same area.
What is an aftershock?
200
Water displaced by an earthquake might cause this.
What is a Tsunami?
300
The stress force that squeezes rock until it folds or breaks.
What is Compression?
300
(In order) P waves, S waves, and surface waves.
What is the order that waves come in a seismograph?
300
Tilitmeters, creep meters, laser-ranging devices, and GPS satellite.
What are the four instruments that monitor faults?
300
A building designed to reduce the amount of energy that reaches the building during an earthquake.
What is a base-isolated building?
300
The rock that lies below in a fault.
What is a footwall?
400
Tension
How does stress in the crust change earth's surface?
400
Geologists use seismic waves to locate this.
How do scientists locate the epicenter of an earthquake?
400
The force that opposes the motion on one surface as it moves across another surface.
What is friction?
400
Shaking, Liquefaction, aftershocks, and tsunamis.
What kinds of damage does an earthquake cause?
400
Area beneath earth's surface where rock that is under stress breaks triggering an earthquake.
What is a focus?
500
Tension, Compression, Shearing
What are the three types of stress?
500
Mercalli, Richter, and moment magnitude scale.
What are the three most common scales?
500
Type of movement that a tiltmeter measures.
What is vertical movement?
500
Move to a open are and sit down so you are not thrown down.
What do you when you are outside during an earthquake?
500
Fold in rock that bends upward into an arch.
What is anticline?
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