DNA Structure
These are the four nitrogen bases that make up DNA.
What is Guanine, Cytosine, Adenine, and Thymine?
This is the DNA complement of ATA GCG GCC.
What is TAT CGC CGG?
When undergoing protein synthesis, what is the complementary sequence for TAC?
AUG
What two organelles are involved in protein synthesis?
ribosome and nucleus
True or False: Energy is released from ATP when it reacts with water to produce ADP.
True.
This nitrogenous base is present in RNA but not DNA.
What is Uracil?
This is the first step of DNA replication.
Bonus: This enzyme is involved.
What is helicase unzips the double stranded DNA molecule by breaking hydrogen bonds between complementary base pairs.
What is the relationship between an organism’s DNA and protein produced?
DNA determines the amino acid sequence of each protein.
Which is a change in DNA which can result in a change in amino acid sequence, protein function, or phenotype?
mutation
What is adenosine triphosphate?
This type of bond allows DNA to be readily replicated. These also hold the two sides of the "ladder" together.
What is a hydrogen bond?
During DNA replication, the DNA template is exposed to show the sequence ACG–AAT. Which bases would be arranged on the complementary strand?
TGC–TTA
What is the amino acid sequence produced by the DNA sequence GTT TTC ATA?
glutamine-lysine-tyrosine
Nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA store this.
What is information?
This is why cells can't use the energy directly from glucose, but have to make ATP.
Glucose has too much energy!
This process produces mRNA.
What is transcription of DNA?
This is what the enzyme DNA polymerase does
What is "rounds up the free-floating nucleotides and arranges them on the new DNA strand to match their complementary base pair?"
What is the relationship between transcription and translation?
Transcription produces the message that translation uses to make a protein.
This is the part of the nucleotide that is different in each of the five kinds of nucleotides founds in DNA and RNA.
What are nitrogenous bases?
Cells have a coninuous supply of ATP because...
ADP is recycled to make more ATP.
This is why DNA is called a double helix.
DNA forms two twisted strands held in place by hydrogen bonds. DNA looks like a twisted ladder.
During protein synthesis, the RNA sequence UAC GAU CUA, is produced from the DNA sequence ATG CTA GAT. Which process is occurring?
transcription
This chart shows which amino acids are produced from different combinations of mRNA. Which amino acids will be coded for the mRNA sequence? UUU-CCU-CGU
Phenylalanine Proline Arginine
A transfer RNA (tRNA) aligns its amino acid in the proper sequence by matching this to the corresponding codon on the messenger RNA.
What is an anticodon?
This is the difference between anabolism and catabolism.
What is ...
Anabolism is the process of obtaining and storing energy. Catabolism is the process of using energy.