Vocabulary
Molecule that carries our hereditary information.
What is DNA?
The letters that represent the four bases.
What is A, T, G, & C?
Three bases code for one of these.
What is an amino acid?
A gene can be all of the following EXCEPT
a. a set of instructions for a trait.
b. a complete chromosome.
c. instructions for making a protein.
d. a portion of a strand of DNA.
b. a complete chromosome.
Chemist who used X-Ray diffraction to make images of DNA molecules.
Who is Rosalind Franklin?
Organelle that makes proteins.
What is ribosome?
The "rungs" of the DNA ladder are made of these.
What is a pair of bases?
A change in DNA sequence that can be harmful, helpful or make no difference.
What is mutation?
Which of the following statements about DNA is NOT true?
a. DNA is found in all organisms.
b. DNA is made up of five subunits.
c. DNA has a structure like a twisted ladder.
d. Mistakes can be made when DNA is copied.
b. DNA is made up of five subunits.
This monk first studied heredity and the passage of traits from one generation to the next.
Who is Gregor Mendel?
What are the threadlike structures of DNA that carry genes called?
Chromosomes
Sides of the DNA "ladder" are made of these.
What are sugars and phosphates?
ribonucleic acid that copies DNA and goes to the ribosome.
What is messenger RNA?
Within the cell, where are proteins assembled?
a. the cytoplasm
b. the nucleus
c. the amino acids
d. the chromosomes
a. the cytoplasm
The stage at which a DNA molecule is split down the middle
What is replication?
The shape Rosalind Franklin uncovered with her X-ray diffraction and Watson and Crick built a model for.
What is double helix?
One of the four possible bases in a string of DNA - it pairs with adenine.
What is thymine?
A mutation in which one base is left out.
What is deletion.
Changes in the type or order of the bases in DNA are called
a. nucleotides.
b. mutations.
c. RNA.
d. genes.
b. mutations.
The biochemist who discovered that the amount of adenine in DNA always equals the amount of thymine and the amount of guanine always equals the amount of cytosine.
who is Chargaff?
Genes are located in these bundles that are found in the nucleus of most cells.
What are chromosomes?
Subunit of DNA that consists of a sugar, a phosphate, and a nitrogenous base
What is nucleotide?
What RNA molecules transfer.
What are amino acids.
Using DNA to identify who committed a crime is
a. genetic engineering.
b. genetic disease.
c. DNA fingerprinting.
d. DNA cloning.
c. DNA fingerprinting.
These two scientists concluded that that DNA must look like a long, twisted ladder.
Who are Watson and Crick?