Vocab
the continuous changing and remaking or rocks
What is a rock cycle?
The percentage of open spaces between grains in a rock
What is porosity?
Rocks formed from the remains of once-living things
What are organic sedimentary rocks?
Existing rocks that are subjective to high temperature and pressure which changes this type of rock
What is metamorphic rock?
The removal and movement of surface materials from one location to another
What is erosion?
Rocks characterized by wavy layers and bands of minerals
What is foliated?
layers of chemical sedimentary rocks that form
What are evaporites?
What is fine-grained clastic?
The effect of molten rocks coming in contact with a solid rock
What is contact metamorphism?
When sediments are laid down on the the ground or sink to the bodies of water _______ occurs
What is deposition?
large crystals that can range in size from a few millimeters to a few centimeters
What is porphyroblasts?
When mineral growth cements sediment grains together into solid rock.
What is cementation?
Sedimentary rock that contains sand sized rock and mineral fragments
What is medium-grained clastic?
Produced when high temperatures and pressures affect large regions of the Earth's crust
What is regional metamorphism?
Horizontal layering and the primary feature of sedimentary rocks.
What is bedding?
Rocks that lack mineral grains with long axes in one direction, composed of minerals with blocky crystal shapes
What is non-foliated?
Pieces of solid material that have been deposited on Earth’s surface by wind, water, ice, gravity, or chemical precipitation.
What is a sediment?
A sedimentary rock consisting of a gravel sized rock and mineral fragments
What is coarse-grained clastic?
During metamorphism, minerals change into new minerals that are stable under these conditions
What is temperature and pressure?
The physical and chemical processes that transform sediments into sedimentary rocks. It is caused by pressure and temperature.
What is lithification?
When weather produces rock and mineral fragments known as _____ sediments
What is a clastic?
When the minerals in a rock are dissolved or otherwise chemically change.
What is chemical weathering?
The most common type of sedimentary rocks, formed by the abundant deposits of loose sediments found on Earth's surface
What are clastic sedimentary rocks?
Occurs when very hot water reacts with rock and alters its chemistry and mineralogy
What is hydrothermal metamorphism?
The four main agents of erosion
What is wind, moving water, gravity, and glaciers?