Vocabulary
Used to collect demographic data about voters and to find out for whom and why they voted as they did. Since actual votes are cast anonymously, this method is the only way of collecting this information.
Exit Polls
The science of human populations.
Demography
In a public opinion poll, the relatively small number of individuals who are interviewed for the purpose of estimating the opinions of an entire population.
Sample
What ideological label do more Americans consistently choose.
Conservative
A landmark U.S. Supreme Court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States, meaning that American courts have the power to strike down laws and statutes that they find to violate the Constitution of the United States.
Marbury v. Madison
***DOUBLE JEOPARDY***
a measure of the accuracy of a public opinion poll
Sampling Error
This age group is the fastest growing within the United States
65+
An American pioneer of survey sampling techniques and inventor of a successful statistical method of survey sampling for measuring public opinion.
George Gallup
Encompasses the many activities used by citizens to influence the selection of political leaders or the policies they pursue.
Political Participation
Found in Article I Section 8 of the Constitution, it gives Congress the power to make "all laws necessary and proper" to carry out the other defined powers of Congress.
Elastic Clause
the mixing of cultures, ideas, and peoples that has changed the American nation. The United States, with its history of immigration, has often been referred to as this...
Melting Pot
The emergence of a non-Caucasian majority, as compared with a White, generally Anglo-Saxon majority. It is predicted that by about 2060, Hispanic Americans, African Americans, and Asian Americans together will outnumber White Americans.
Minority-Majority
This technique is the key to the accuracy of public opinion polls. Operates on the principle that everyone should have an equal probability of being selected.
Random Sampling
Ideological differences between men and women have led to this.
Gender Gap
***DOUBLE JEOPARDY***
The right of citizens of the United States to vote in any primary or other election for President or Vice President, for electors for President or Vice President, or for Senator or Representative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any State by reason of failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.
The 24th Amendment
the process of dividing seats for the House among the 50 states following the decennial census.
Reapportionment
The process through which an individual acquires his or her particular political orientations, including his or her knowledge, feelings, and evaluations regarding his or her political world (Name 2 factors)
Political Socialization
Family, Peers, Schools, Mass Media, Occupation, Organizations/Extracurriculars, Globalization, etc
A shift in electoral support to the candidate whom public opinion polls report as the front-runner
Bandwagon Effect
Lower rates of political participation among minority groups are linked with lower___________.
socioeconomic status
A concept of federalism where funding is appropriated by the federal government to the states with specific conditions attached. The legislation can be in the form of mandates
Fiscal Federalism
the distribution of individual preferences or evaluations of a given issue, candidate, or institution within a specific population.
Public Opinion
Altered U.S. immigration law by making it illegal to hire illegal immigrants knowingly and establishing financial and other penalties for companies that employed illegal immigrants. Also legalized most undocumented immigrants who had arrived in the country prior to January 1, 1982.
The Simpson–Mazzoli Act (aka...Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986)
Name two criticisms of public opinion polls.
Polls may make politicians followers rather than leaders.
Polls can distort the election process.
Polls can dissuade voters from voting
Polls samples may be biased or an inaccurate representation
Polls can be manipulated by altering the wording of questions.
Exit polls may discourage people from voting.
From the 1950 study, The American Voter, what are the 4 classifications and briefly describe each.
Ideologues: those who think in ideological terms (12 percent)
Group Benefits voters: view politics through party label or groups (unions, business owners, etc.) (42 percent)
Nature of the Times: view of politics based on whether times are good or bad (24 percent)
No issue content: vote routinely for party or personality (22 percent)
Used in some states to select presidential candidates. They require voters to attend a meeting on election night at their local voting location and pledge their support for a candidate. It is a longer process than a primary election, and multiple rounds of pledging may be required.
Caucuses