Puberty
What is the difference between primary and secondary sexual characteristics?
Primary- Changes in reproductive organs
Secondary- Visible changes not directly linked to reproduction, but signal sexual maturity.
The adolescent brain is becoming more connected and specialized. This is a result of what?
Myelination and developing connection.
This is the stage of cognitive development when we first see ________ reasoning.
Abstract
The adolescent's executive functions are very competent but they still struggle with ________.
Self-Regulation: The ability to control impulses.
According to Erickson, what social development stage are they in?
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Who tends to 'grow' first? Girls or Boys?
Girls
At what age is the brain's language area of the brain fully developed?
Age 13
Adolescents are no longer learning through trial and error. They are instead using _______ and _______ reasoning.
(hint it's not abstract)
Hypothetical and Deductive
What is the difference between inductive and deductive reasoning
Inductive reasoning uses specific observations and is referred to as 'bottom-up' processing, whereas deductive reasoning uses an overarching principle and is referred to as 'top-down' processing.
Teens at this age put commitment to one identity on hold while they ___________________.
Explore other options
Physical changes in the adolescent body are triggered by what?
Hormones
The cortex grows _____ and becomes more efficient. Whole the corpus callosum grows ______ allowing for stronger connections between brain areas.
Thinner, Thicker
What are some of the adolescent 'normalities'?
(hint there are 4)
1. Arguing to argue
2. Jumping to conclusions
3. Being self centered4. Being overly dramatic
What is intuitive thought?
Automatic, unconscious, and fast. (Experiential and Emotional)
What are Marcia's Four identity stages?
1. Identity Diffusion
2. Identity Foreclosure
3. Identity Moratorium
4. Identity Achievement
What is one reason why early puberty damages one's mental health?
1. Don't want to be seen as different
2. Adolescents compare themselves negatively to peers
3. They have trouble coping with the newfound attention that comes with their 'new' bodies.
What develops first the limbic system or the prefrontal cortex?
The limbic system.
(bonus: how does this affect the adolescent?)
Adolescents typically think this about themselves when consider risks and ignore them.
That they are invincible and without limits
(egocentrism)
Deliberate, conscious, and rational are words used to describe ________ thought.
Analytical
Teens are spending _________ time with family and _______ time with peers.
Less; More
Awkward and Disproportionate
The adolescent brain is sensitive to what neurotransmitters?
Dopamine and Oxytocin
(Bonus: What are the definitions?)
What are two of the four consequences of formal operational thought?
1. Introspection
2. Idealistic
3. Hypocrisy
4. Pseudostupidity
In adolescence the systems of the brain start to form strong connections with other systems so that they can interact with one another. This results in the adolescent using both intuition and _______.
Emotion.
The definition of Homophily is that those similar to one another choose to spend time together. This results in them doing what with their behaviors?
They shape each others behaviors.