DNA Structure I
The researchers who first built an accurate 3-D model of DNA.
Who are Watson and Crick?
Threadlike structures of DNA; each nucleus contains 46.
What are chromosomes?
The subunits which make up protein molecules.
What are amino acids?
The name for the two new cells that result from cell division.
What are daughter cells?
Chemical messengers produced in the glands.
What are hormones?
The "twisted ladder" of DNA structure.
What is a double helix?
The basic units of hereditary information.
What are genes?
Sets of three bases in RNA molecules.
What are codons?
The phase of the cell cycle in which the nuclear membrane breaks down, duplicated chromosomes line up and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell, and new nuclear membranes are formed.
What is mitosis?
The name for the stable internal environment that cells and hormones help the body maintain.
What is homeostasis?
The materials that make up the "ladder" of DNA molecules.
What are sugar molecules and phosphate groups?
The subunits of DNA molecules that store genetic information.
What are nucleotides?
The molecule that works with DNA to build proteins.
What is ribonucleic acid (RNA)?
90% of a cell's life is spent in this phase; chromosomes are duplicated at the end.
What is interphase?
An immune response to a substance that the cells of most people perceive as harmless.
What is an allergic reaction?
Guanine's base pair.
What is cytosine?
Adenine's base pair in DNA.
What is thymine?
The second step in protein synthesis in which the genetic code on RNA is read and proteins are built; occurs outside the nucleus.
What is translation?
The stage of the cell cycle in which the cytoplasm is divided and cell division is complete.
What is cytokinesis?
The cells that increase in number and swarm to the site of an injury.
What are leukocytes?
The base pair for adenine in RNA.
What is uracil?
Reads RNA bases three at a time to manufacture cell proteins.
What are ribosomes?
The first step in protein synthesis, in which a gene that codes for a protein is copied as an RNA molecule; takes place in the nucleus.
What is transcription?
The four phases of mitosis.
What are: prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telophase?
The process by which cells move proteins out of the cell.
What is secretion?