6A
Judging and Perceiving Others
Judging and Perceiving Others
True or False: Person perception refers to the mental processes used to form impressions of other people.
True
True or False: Cognitive dissonance occurs when thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are perfectly aligned.
False
True or False: Heuristics are slow, highly detailed decision-making strategies.
False
True or False: Discrimination involves acting unfairly towards someone based on a group they belong to.
True
What is the difference between an internal attribution and an external attribution?
What is cognitive dissonance?
The psychological tension that occurs when thoughts, feelings, and/or behaviours do not align.
What are heuristics?
Mental shortcuts or information-processing strategies that help people make decisions and solve problems quickly.
What is prejudice?
A negative attitude or feeling towards a person or group based on stereotypes or assumptions.
What is the fundamental attribution error?
The tendency to explain another person’s behaviour using internal factors while ignoring possible external factors.
What is confirmation bias?
The tendency to search for and accept information that supports existing beliefs while ignoring contradictory information.
What is the anchoring heuristic?
A heuristic where decisions and judgements are influenced by the first piece of information received.
What is the difference between prejudice and discrimination?
Name and briefly describe the three components of the tri-component model of attitudes.
What is the difference between the actor-observer bias and the self-serving bias?
How can the availability heuristic lead to inaccurate judgements?
People rely on easily remembered information or vivid experiences instead of statistical facts.
How can stigma negatively affect mental wellbeing?
It can lead to social exclusion, low self-esteem, stress, anxiety, or depression.
Explain one limitation of the tri-component model of attitudes.
People’s behaviour does not always align with their thoughts and feelings, meaning attitudes are not always reflected through behaviour.
Explain one way a person could reduce cognitive dissonance.
A person can reduce cognitive dissonance by changing their behaviour to match their beliefs or changing their beliefs to justify their behaviour.
Explain one positive influence and one negative influence of heuristics.
Describe one strategy that can help reduce prejudice or discrimination.
Education and positive intergroup contact can reduce stereotypes and improve understanding between groups.