A type of learning that involves stimulus-response connections, in which the response is conditional on the stimulus.
What is conditioning?
100
A previously neutral stimulus that, because of pairing with an unconditioned stimulus, now causes a conditioned response.
What is a conditioned stimulus?
100
(1) In classical conditioning, the ability to distinguish the conditioned stimulus from other stimuli that are similar. (2) Unfair treatment of a person or group based on prejudice.
What is discrimination?
100
A stimulus or event that follows a response and increases the frequency of that response.
What is reinforcement?
100
A timetable for when and how often reinforcement for a particular behavior occurs.
What is schedule of reinforcement?
200
A type of learning in which a neutral stimulus comes to an unconditioned response when that neutral stimulus is repeatedly paired with a stimulus that normally causes an unconditioned response.
What is classical conditioning?
200
A type of classical conditioning in which a previously desirable or neutral food comes to be perceived as repugnant because of association with negative stimulation.
What is taste aversion?
200
A fear-reduction technique based of the principles of classical conditioning that involves exposing the individual to a harmless stimulus until fear responses to that stimulus are extinguished.
What is flooding?
200
Stimuli such as food or warmth, that have reinforcement value without learning.
What is Primary Reinforcers?
200
The reinforcement of a desired response every time it occurs.
What is continuous reinforcement?
300
In classical conditioning, a stimulus that elicits an unlearned, automatic response.
What is an unconditioned stimulus?
300
In classical conditioning, the disappearance of a conditioned response when an unconditioned stimulus no longer follows a conditioned stimulus.
What is extinction?
300
A type of counterconditioning, used to treat phobias, in which a pleasant, relaxed state is associated with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli.
What is systematic desensitization?
300
Stimuli that increase the probability of a response because of their association with a primary reinforcer.
What is Secondary Reinforcers?
300
A type of conditioned learning in which only some of the responses are reinforced.
What is partial reinforcement?
400
In classical conditioning, an unlearned, automatic response.
What is an unconditional response?
400
The reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response after some time has passed.
What is spontaneous recovery?
400
A therapy procedure based on classical conditioning that replaces a negative response to a stimulus with a positive response.
What is counterconditioning?
400
Encouraging stimuli that increase the frequency of a behavior when they are presented.
What is positive reinforcers?
400
In operant conditioning, a procedure in which reinforcement guides behavior towards closer approximations of the goal.
What is shaping?
500
A learned response to a previously neutral stimulus.
What is a conditioned response?
500
The tendency to respond in the same way to stimuli that have similar characteristics.
What is generalization?
500
Learning that is strengthening when behavior is followed by positive reinforcement.
What is Operant Conditioning?
500
Unpleasant stimuli that increase the frequency of behavior when they are removed.
What is negative reinforcers?
500
In operant conditioning, combining the steps of a sequences to progress toward a final action.