Bacteria, Friend or Foe?
_______ are microscopic prokaryotes.
Bacteria
A prokaryote is a unicellular organism that does not have a _______.
Nucleus
Archaea live in _______ environments like salt lakes and hot springs.
Extreme
Bacteria that need oxygen are _______ bacteria.
Aerobic
Bacteria that do not need oxygen are ______ bacteria.
Anaerobic
Many bacteria have long whiplike structures called ______ that help them move.
Flagella
Bacteria reproduce through _______, which is cell division.
Fission
Two bacteria of the same species attach to each other and combine their genetic material through ________.
Conjugation
When bacteria form an endospore, they go ________ until environmental conditions get better.
Dormant
________ is the breaking down of dead organisms and organic waste.
Decomposition
_______ is the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into nitrogen compounds that are usable by living things.
Nitrogen Fixation
Bioremediation is used in breaking down harmful materials like sewage, oil contamination, and ______ waste.
Radioactive
Beneficial
_________ are agents that cause disease.
Pathogens
Antibiotics
Food poisoning is prevented through a process of heating food to a temperature that kills most harmful bacteria called _______.
Pasteurization
A _______ is a strand of DNA or RNA surrounded by a layer of protein that can infect and replicate in a host cell.
Virus
Scientists do not consider viruses to be _______ because they do not have all the characteristics of life.
Alive
A virus can make copies of itself in a process called _________.
Replication
Viruses must have a living _______ to survive.
Host
Latent viruses are ________ and can stay this way for years.
Inactive
The destruction of cells causes the _________ of a viral disease.
Symptoms
Antibiotics only work on ________ not viruses.
Bacteria
An ________ is a protein that can attach to a pathogen and make it useless.
A mixture containing material from one or more deactivated pathogens, such as viruses is a ________.
Vaccine