Memory: How It Functions and Parts of the Brain
This involves the input of information into the memory system.
What is encoding?
The inability to remember new information after the point of trauma
What is anterograde amnesia?
Continue trying different solutions until the problem is solved
What is trial and error?
A learning disability which causes difficulty in learning or comprehending mathematics.
What is dyscalculia?
Knowing how to do something. For example, knowing how to get home after school if the road you usually take is blocked off is an example of ___________ intelligence.
What is fluid intelligence?
If part of one area of the brain involved in memory is damaged, another part of the same area can take over that memory function.
What is the equipotentiality hypothesis?
The effects of misinformation from external sources which leads to the creation of false memories
What is suggestibility?
Direct observation and indirect knowledge are part of this concept.
What are natural concepts?
Test(s) used to measure intelligence (named after scientists who developed/modified them).
What is the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale?
What is the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)?
A communication system that involves using words and systematic rules to organize those words to transmit information from one individual to another.
What is language?
The transfer of information from short-term memory to long-term memory.
What is memory consolidation?
Name three types of ways to study effectively.
What are 1) elaborate rehearsal 2) the self-reference effect 3) disturbed practice 4) rehearse 5) study efficiently 6) Beware of interference 7) keep moving 8) get enough sleep 9) make mnemonic devices
A set of routine or automatic behaviors.
What is event schema (cognitive script)?
Knowing facts when you learn, remember, and recall information.
What is crystalized intelligence?
Persistence in approaching a problem in a way that has worked in the past.
What is a mental set?
Memories of facts and events we can consciously remember and recall are considered:
What are Explicit (declarative) Memories?
Techniques to help make sure information goes from short-term memory to long-term memory.
What are memory-enhancing strategies?
Proficiency at acquiring language is maximal early in life.
What is the critical period?
The three theories of intelligence, according to Sternberg.
What is the Triarchic Theory of Intelligence: Practical, Analytical, and Creative?
The process of bringing up old memories.
What is reconstruction?
When strong emotions trigger the formation of strong memories and weaker emotional experiences form weaker memories.
What is arousal theory?
When old information hinders the recall of newly learned information
What is proactive interference?
The bias tendency to focus on information which reinforces your existing beliefs
What is confirmation bias?
Eugenics involved these three "sciences."
What are racial taxonomies, phrenology, and social Darwinism?
According to Schacter (2001), transience, suggestibility, and persistence are examples of these types of memory errors.
What are the 7 Sins of Memory?