Bone functions
Bones give body its structure
Shape
Carpal bones
Short bones
The central hollow portion
Medullary cavity
Helps form bone
Osteoblasts
Bone pierces through the skin
Compound fracture
Arms and legs as well as the ability to breathe results from the interaction between muscles and bones
Movement
Femur and humerus
Long bones
The dense fibrous membrane, ensures a strong connection between muscle and bone
Periosteum
In the ends of long bones and in the middle of most other bones, almost always surrounded by more durable compact bone.
Spongy bone
Bone remains aligned and surrounding tissue is intact
Simple fracture
Bones encase bone marrow, a major site of blood cell formation
Blood production
Skull and ribs
Flat bones
Covers the surface of the epiphysis, a thin layer of hyaline cartilage
Articular cartilage
Bone lengthening occurs at the
Epiphyseal plate
Bone breaks into pieces, occurs from car accidents
Comminuted fracture
Bones store and release minerals such as calcium and phosphorus, necessary ingredients for a variety of chemical reactions throughout the body
Electrolyte balance
Vertebrae and facial bones
Irregular bones
The head of a long bone
Epiphysis
Process where bone cells continually destroy old bone and deposit new bone
Remodeling
Incomplete fracture, typically occurs in children
Greenstick fracture
Bone absorbs and releases alkaline salts to help maintain a stable pH
Acid base balance
Sesamoid bone
In children, this later of cartilage separates the epiphysis from the diaphysis
Epiphyseal plate/growth plate
Bone lengthening stops when
Chondrocytes are no longer produced in the epiphyseal plate
Spiral fracture