Key Terms
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A physical manifestation of the metaphor used by Winston Churchill
What is the Berlin Wall?
Lasted approximately 10 months and was seen as an embarrassment to the Soviets.
What is the Berlin Airlift?
A military alliance designed to defend member countries against attack from the Soviet Union and its allies.
What is NATO?
In 1948, all road and rail transport was cut off by the Soviet Union.
What is the Berlin Blockade?
The building up of one’s capacity to fight such that neither opponent will fight because of the expected outcomes.
What is Deterrence?
An attempt to impede the other group’s ability to expand.
What is Containment?
Where Joseph Stalin requested that all 16 Soviet Socialist Republics be granted U.N. membership, but 14 were ultimately denied.
Symbolized the ideological conflict and physical boundary dividing Europe into two separate areas from the end of WWII in 1945 until the end of the Cold War in 1991.
What is the Iron Curtain?
American response to the Soviet Union placing missiles in Cuba.
What is the Cuban Blockade?
Attempting to push a dangerous situation as far as possible without surrendering anything to your opponent
What is Brinkmanship?
Two competing aid packages.
What are the Marshall Plan and Molotov Plan?
In 1968, this was signed to ensure only the U.S, U.K, France, Soviet Union, and China were permitted to possess, acquire, and manufacture nuclear weapons.
What is the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty?
Attempts to enlarge territorial and ideological influence beyond a country’s borders and allies.
What is Expansionism?
Soviet response to the U.S. placing missiles in Turkey.
Easing of tensions.
What is Detente?
Deters each side from entering into direct conflict of an unwinnable nuclear war.
What is MAD - Mutually Assured Destruction?
In 1947, this was a policy intended to provide other countries with the freedom to choose the side whose governing ideology would "fit" their political stance.
What is the Truman Doctrine?
The practice of spying or of using spies, typically by governments to obtain political and military information.
What is Espionage?
November 9th, 1989.
What is the Falling of the Berlin Wall?
This movement saw countries staying neutral in the ideological conflict between two superpowers.
What is Non-Alignment?
A movement against all things communist was led by an ex-marine and Republican senator
What is McCarthyism?
These three countries attempted to reject Soviet communism in the 1950s and 1960s with varying degrees of success.
Who are Hungary, Czechoslovakia, and Yugoslavia?
A country or area in which another country has power to affect developments although it has no formal authority.
What are Spheres of Influence or Satellite States?
In the 1980s, Soviet General Secretary Gorbachev introduced and heavily emphasized these two reforms to Soviet society.
What are Perestroika (restructuring) and Glasnost (openness)?
In order to receive this, states were required to:
balance their budgets
stop inflation and stabilize their exchange rates at realistic levels
impose free market policies on Western Europe in return for aid.
What is the Marshall Plan?