Immigration
What are the reasons for US immigration in the 19th century?
famine, over population and persecution
What are tenements?
overcrowded, unsanitary, airless housing
The Chinese Exclusion Act
An act that limited all Chinese immigration unless you were in a specialized field like a doctor, lawyer, etc. It kept out unskilled laborers and poor Chinese citizens looking to come to America.
17 million immigrants passed through this noisy, bustling facility in New York Harbor.
Ellis Island
Reform program that preached salvation through service to the poor.
The Social Gospel Movement
Why did many immigrants live in cities instead of the countryside?
They came with very little money, so they would need cheap housing that was close to their place of work (such as a tenement near a factory).
What is nativism?
Favoritism toward native-born Americans.
Name three challenges faced by people in the cities.
crime, sanitation, fire, dirty water, overcrowded housing
What is a settlement house?
A community center/house where poor people and immigrants could get help with education, housing, healthcare, learn skills, and more.
Why was fire such a hazard in urbanization?
Candles and oil lamps were easy to drop and fire could spread.
Houses packed close together
Houses and structures were made of wood
Fire could spread easily
President Roosevelt's deal to keep the US out of conflict with Japan that limited Japanese immigration whiile also desegregating some areas of California.
The Gentlemen's Agreement
What is the Americanization movement?
Assimilation of minority cultures into the majority culture.
Who was Jane Addams and why is she famous?
Jane Addams is famous because she was a social reformer who fought to help the poor, immigrants, children, women, and more. She also founded the settlement house, the Hull House in Chicago.
Angel Island.
Creator of most famous settlement house, the Hull House.
Jane Addams
A system designed to move large numbers of people on a fixed route throughout the city.
Mass transit
Why was the period sometimes referred to as the Gilded Age?
Because under the exterior of luxury and success enjoyed by a few, there were many more who were poor and suffering, meaning it was gilded -looks gold on the outside and is actually plain/less fancy on the inside.