Definitions
An electron in the highest occupied energy level of an atom
What is a valence electron?
number of valence electrons in phosphorus
what is 5
Charge of strontium ion
What is +2
Net (or total) charge in an ionic compound
What is zero?
A depiction of valence electrons around the symbol of an element
What is electron dot structure (or lewis dot diagram)?
Force of attraction binding oppositely charged ions together
What is an ionic bond? (electrostatic force)
number of valence electrons in helium
What is 2?
Maximum charge an ion is likely to have
What is +3
The formula for aluminum oxide
*A lot of questions like this on the test., very important to understand*
What is Al2O3?
Al +3 O-2
- start with the charge , based on periodic table
- do the cross over method
The attraction of valence electrons for metal ions
What is a metallic bond?
The number of ions of opposite charge surrounding each ion in a crystal
What is a coordination number?
The way in which Calcium obeys the octet rule when forming compounds
What is giving up 2 electrons?
Electron configuration of calcium ion
1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6= [Ar]
The charge on the cation in the ionic compound sodium Sulfide
What is +1
Na+
S-2
Na2S
Properties often superior to those of their component elements
What are alloys?
Atoms react to acquire the stable electron structure of a noble gas
What is the octet rule?
Electron Configuration of Fluoride ion
What is 1s2 2s2 2p6 = [Ne]
Number of electrons phosphorus gains to achieve the noble gas configuration
What is 3
Number of electrons transferred from calcium atom to iodine in the formation of the compound calcium iodine
What is 2?
How to write the chemical formula: Ca +2, I- : CaI2
If I asked you how any Iodine transfers to calcium the answer would be zero
Explain why a metal can conduct electricity when solid but a ionic solid can not
What is metals have mobile valence electrons
An anion of chlorine or other halogen
What is a halide ion?
The number of electrons silver gives up to achieve pseudo noble gas configuration *honors a couple of these types of questions on test*
What is 1?
Has a pseudo noble gas configuration
Fe+2, Mn +2, Cu+, Ni+
What is Cu+?
3 Main Properties of Ionic compounds
- crystalline solids at room temp
- high melting point
- conductive only when dissolved in water OR melted
Explain how metallic bonding accounts for many of the physical properties of metals
Metallic bonding: free-floating valence electrons attracted to positively charged metal ions
- electrons can move so metals are conductive as solids
- when metals are struck the electrons just move around so metals are malleable and ductile