7.1 - Dawn of the Industrial Age
A period of change beginning in Britain in the 1700s that changed life as we know it:
Industrial Revolution
Money to invest in a business:
Capital
Rapid movement of people to cities:
Urbanization
A "perfect society":
Utopia
Man who improved the steam engine in 1769 and made it the most important power source for industrialization:
James Watt
Manmade waterways used to transport goods:
Canals
Cities grew around these:
Mines and factories
Define "socialism:"
When the people as a whole own the means of production
Invention that revolutionized agriculture:
Seed drill
American who invented the cotton gin:
Eli Whitney
Angry workers who resorted to violent action:
Luddites
Man who tried to establish his own perfect society in Scotland:
Robert Owen
What small farmers did as they farms were taken over/enclosed:
Move to towns and cities to find work
Two cities connected by the first major railline:
Liverpool and Manchester
Factors that made work in mines and factories dangerous:
1. Dangerous machines
2. Exposure to hazards
3. Explosions/floods
Book written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels:
The Communist Manifesto
Reasons for population growth in Europe and England:
1. Food surplus
2. Healthier Foods
3. Better hygiene and medical care
Factors that contributed to England's healthy economy:
1. Colonies abroad
2. Policies that fueled economic growth
3. Protection of trade ships by a strong Navy
4. Natural resources
5. Entrepreneurs
Issues with living conditions of the working class:
1. Poor wages
2. Long hours
3. Filthy tenement housing
Explain ONE of the three economic systems under "Cowism":
1. Capitalism: Private individuals own and use/profit off of the cows
2. Socialism: The community splits the profits/benefits of cow ownership
3. Communism: The GOVERNMENT owns all of the cows and makes you pay to use them