Ions
Ionic Bonding
Ionic Compounds
Bonding in Metals
Alloys
100
_______ ________ are the electrons in the highest occupied energy level of an element's atoms. These determine the chemical properties of an element.
Valence electrons
100
Compounds composed of cations and anions are called ________ __________.
ionic compounds
100
The electrostatic forces that hold ions together in ionic compounds are called ______ ______
ionic bonds
100
_______ _______ consist of the attraction of the valence electrons for the positively charged metal ions.
metallic bonds
100
_______ are mixtures composed of two or more elements.
alloys
200
To find the number of valence electrons in an atom of a Group A element, look at its _______ _________.
group number
200
Although they are composed of ions, ionic compounds are electrically ________.
neutral
200
A ________ ________ shows the kinds and numbers of atoms in the smallest representative unit of a substance.
chemical formula
200
Describe what is meant by ductile and malleable.
ductile- can be drawn into wires; malleable- can be hammered into different shapes
200
In alloys, at least one element is a ______.
metal
300
_________ ____ ________ are diagrams that show valence electrons as dots.
Electron dot diagrams
300
Ionic compounds can conduct electric current when...
melted or dissolved in water.
300
A ________ _______ is the lowest whole-number ratio of ions in an ionic compound.
formula unit
300
How can you describe the arrangement of atoms in metals?
Atoms in metals are arranged in an orderly and compact manner.
300
Alloys are important because ...
their properties are often superior to those of their component elements.
400
In forming compounds, atoms tend to achieve the electron configuration of a noble gas, this is explained by using the _______ ______.
octet rule
400
What properties characterize ionic compounds?
solids at room temp., high melting points, conduct electric current when dissolved in water or melted
400
Write the correct chemical formula for the compounds formed from each pair of ions. a) K+, S 2- b) Ca 2+, O 2-
a) K2S b) CaO
400
The valence electrons of metal atoms are ________.
mobile -- meaning they can drift freely from one part of the metal to another.
400
The most important alloys today are ...
steel
500
An atom's loss of valence electrons produces a _____. When an atom gains negatively charged electrons a ______ is produced.
cation, anion
500
Which pair of elements are likely to form ionic compounds and why? a) Cl, Br b) Li, Cl c) K, He
b) Li, Cl
500
Write the formulas for each compound. a) magnesium oxide b) calcium fluoride
a) MgO b) CaF2
500
What are the three different packing arrangements found in metallic crystals?
body-centered cubic, face-centered cubic, hexagonal close-packed
500
The most important alloys today have a wide range of useful properties such as ... (name 3)
corrosion resistance, ductility, hardness, toughness
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