Vocabulary
Plate Tectonics
Earthquakes
Volcanoes
100
What is the difference between the focus and the epicenter of an Earthquake?
Focus is where the earthquake starts, the epicenter is where we first feel it (right above the focus)
100
What is plate tectonics? Who discovered it?
It explains the moving apart of the continents. It was discovered by Alfred Wegener.
100
Where do most earthquakes happen? Why?
Along the coastlines, because this is where the plates are moving and shifting.
100
Name the three types of volcanoes
Shield, Composite, Cinder Cone
200
What is the difference between lava and magma?
Magma is the hot molten rock inside a volcano. Lava is what it becomes as soon as it hits the Earth's atmosphere.
200
What is sea floor spreading?
Volcanoes are erupting on the sea floor, and it causes the crust to move and spread apart.
200
What are divergent boundaries?
Places where the plates pull apart
200
What is an active volcano?
Erupted recently, or is currently erupting
300
What is the difference between the mantle and the crust?
The mantle is the second layer of the Earth's surface and the crust is the outer layer of the Earth's surface.
300
What are convergent boundaries?
Places where the plates push together
300
What is a dormant volcano?
A volcano that has not erupted in at least 500 years
400
What is the magnitude of an Earthquake?
How intense it is.
400
What are transform boundaries?
Places where the plates move past one another
400
What is an extinct volcano?
A volcano that has never erupted in history.
500
What is a crater?
The top vent, or opening part of a volcano.
500
How do we measure the magnitude of an earthquake?
By using a seismograph or by using the Richter scale.
500
How are volcanoes formed?
Magma rises through cracks in the Earth's crust. It then turns to lava and hardens. Eventually a mound forms, and this is considered a volcano.
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