Parts of a long bone
This is found at the end of the long bone. It prevents frictions and protects the end of the bone
articular cartilage
Blood calcium can be regulated by this body system using negative feedback loops
Endocrine
Freely movable joints (there are 6 types)
Synovial Joints
These minerals are the primary component in bones that provide strength and hardness
Calcium and Phosphate
increase the angle at a joint
extension
This is on the outside of the bone. It has collagen and bone forming cells. Helps the bone grow in width
Periosteum
These cells build bone matrix
osteoblasts
Immovable joints
Fibrous joints (sutures are an example)
This vitamin promotes the production of collagen
Vitamin C
circular motion
circumduction
This part of the long bone is a plate of cartilage where bones grow in length from
epiphyseal plate / disk / line
When blood calcium is high the ____ gland releases ______
thyroid; calcitonin
Can be found in a synovial joint. Fluid filled sac to prevent friction
Bursa
These hormones stimulate growth at the epiphyseal disks
Growth Hormone
or
Testosterone and Estrogen
palm down
pronation
This part of the long bone is the lining of the medullary cavity
endosteum
When blood calcium is low the ______ gland releases ______ hormone
Parathyroid Gland; PTH
What is the name of slightly moveable joints and give an example of one
Cartilaginous - ex: costal cartilage or intervertebral disks
This mineral helps our bones retain calcium (inhibits calcium loss)
Boron
foot away from the shin
plantar flexion
This type of bone development is how long bones form when we're developing in utero and in early infancy
Endochondral ossification
A patient with multiple bone fractures over the course of a year is diagnosed with hypocalcemia. Explain how their body has been functions and how it will respond when given calcium supplements
Their parathyroid gland has been releasing PTH which has been breaking down bone matrix and releasing calcium. Once the patient starts their supplement, their body will respond by having the thyroid release calcitonin and then the bones will start depositing calcium back into their matrix and get stronger.
Describe 3 functions of joints
Bind parts of the skeletal system
Make bone growth possible
Permit the skeleton to change shape during childbirth
Allow movement
These 3 minerals / vitamins promote osteoblast activity
Magnesium, Manganese, and Vitamin B12
movement towards the midline
adduction