Cell Discovery & Theory
One of the three principles for cell theory
What are:
1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells
2. Cell are the basic unit of structure and organization in living things
3. Cells only arise from previously existing cells that pass on genetic material
The plasma membrane is also known as the
What is the cell membrane?
Give an example of passive transport
What is diffusion, facilitated diffusion, or osmosis?
This structure/organelle is seen in all cells
What is a cell membrane?
The cell membrane is considered this because it controls what enters and exits the cell
What are requires the specimen to be dead, thinly sliced, and dyed with heavy metals?
This part of the phospholipid bilayer is non-polar, faces inwards, and is hydrophobic
What are the tails?
This type of solution happens when there is a lower solute concentration on the outside of the cell
What is a hypotonic solution?
Located within the nucleus and synthesis ribosomes
What is the nucleolus?
Isotonic solution
What is when there is an equal solute concentration on the inside of the cell and the outside?
Name the two types of cells
What are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
The main function of the plasma membrane
What is maintaining homeostasis?
This is the way substances move during active transport
What is from low to high?
The main job of this organelle is lipid synthesis. It produces phospholipids, hormones, and steroids
What is the smooth ER?
Dynamic Equilibrium
What is when concentrations equalize but particles keep moving across the membrane?
These kinds of cells have no membrane bound organelles
What are prokaryotic?
This part of the plasma membrane is responsible for managing membrane fluidity and space of the phospholipids
What is cholesterol?
This is how a cell brings in substances that are to large to go through integral proteins
What is endocytosis?
Often referred to as the cell's garbage disposal
What is a lysosome?
Cell wall
A thick rigid mesh of fibers that surrounds the outside of the plasma membrane
The microscope was first invented during this year
What is 1590?
A type of protein connects with carbohydrates to make glycoproteins. Often found attached to the outside of the plasma membrane
Describe how a sodium-potassium pump works
3 sodium ions enter into the protein. ATP is used to change the shape of the protein so it opens allowing the sodium out and then 2 potassium molecules come in.
The small disks found in chloroplasts. They contain chlorophyll.
What are thylakoids?
Uses transport proteins to move ions and small molecules across the plasma membrane
What is facilitated diffusion?