Functional Classification
Which functional classification states articulating bones have no movement & provides the most stability?
Synarthrosis
Name the joint: Collagen fibers found in these joints lend stability but permit little, if any, motion. United by dense regular collagenous connective tissue; No joint space; Functionally synarthroses or amphiarthroses.
Fibrous joints
Fibrous joint between bones of the skull; Edges of skull bones have finger-like projections that interweave and are held together by short collagen fibers; functionally, a very stable synarthrosis
Sutures
What are the purpose of synovial fluid?
- Lubrication: reduces friction between articulating surfaces
- Metabolic functions: supply nutrients (such as glucose) to the cells in the joint cavity & remove their metabolic waste
- Shock absorption: helps evenly distribute force and stress exerted on articular surfaces during movement
A synovial joint that only produces movement in one plane, such as a hinge joint (elbow) is considered _________.
Uniaxial
What movement decreases the angle between bones (bending elbow)?
Flexion
Which functional classification states articulating bones have small amount of movement & provides a good amount of stability?
Amphiarthrosis
Name that joint: These joints contain cartilage between articulating bones; no joint space; allows for little, if any, motion. Functionally synarthroses or amphiarthroses.
Cartilaginous Joints
Fibrous joint between a tooth and its corresponding alveolus; Each tooth firmly attached to bone fibers by bundles of connective tissue fibers called the Periodontal Ligament. Functionally, a stable synarthroses
Gomphoses
What structure is a strand of dense regular collagenous connective tissue that connects one bone to another to strengthen and reinforce the joint?
Ligament
A synovial joint that produces movement in multiple planes, such as a ball-and-socket joint (shoulder), is considered ______.
Multiaxial
What movement increases the angle between bones (straightening knee)?
Extension
Which functional classification states articulating bones are freely moveable with a wide variety of specific movement and provides the least amount of stability?
Diarthrosis
Name that joint: These joints are the most common; joint cavity is present; filled with fluid between two articulating bones; Functionally diarthroses
Synovial joints
Fibrous joint that articulates bones joined by an Interosseous Membrane or Ligament; Composed of dense regular collagenous connective tissue; Found between radius and ulna and between fibula and tibia; Functionally, amphiarthrosis.
Syndesmoses
What is a structural component of a skeletal muscle made of dense regular connective tissue and connects muscle to bone or another structure?
Tendon
A synovial joint that only produces movement in two planes such as metacarpophalangeal joints (fingers), is considered ______.
Biaxial
What movement is it when you move a limb away from the midline (raising arm)?
Abduction
These joints consist of dense regular collagenous connective tissue:
- Fibrous joints: Sutures, gomphoses, & syndesmoses,
- Ligaments & tendons
Which cartilaginous joint connect bones by hyaline cartilage (e.g., epiphyseal plates, costal cartilage of the first rib)?
Synchondroses: which is synarthrosis
What candy is associate with Gomphoses, a type of fibrous joint where teeth fit into sockets.
GOMS
A synovial joint that doesn't produce movement on a plane but instead produces sliding motion between articulating surfaces of bones, such as , intercarpal joint (wrist), is considered _______.
Nonaxial
What movement is it when you move a limb toward from the midline (lowering arm)?
Adduction
Which cartilaginous joint connects bones by fibrocartilage (e.g., pubic symphysis, intervertebral discs)?
Symphyses: which is amphiarthrosis
What movement is it when you raise the toes upward, decreasing the angle between the foot and tibia?
Dorsiflexion
What movement is it when you point the downward, increasing the angle between the foot and tibia?
Plantarflexion