Terms S1
What English mathematician discovered the force of gravity?
Isaac Newton
Most famous Enlightenment thinker who advocated for religious tolerance. Hint: Goes by one name.
Voltaire
Parties hosted by upper class women were philosophers met and shared their ideas.
Salons
What were radicals of the French Revolution called?
Jacobins
What is the term for the belief that knowledge is gained by thinking things through.
Rationalism
An English philosopher who was an early supporter of the new science and inductive reasoning
Sir Francis Bacon
An unwritten agreement between people and their government.
Social Contract
Give two causes for the French Revolution.
Starving population.
High inflation.
Extravagant spending from monarchy.
High taxes.
Unfair privileges of the upper classes.
What is the belief that the sun is the center of the universe?
heliocentric theory
What philosopher declared people are born with natural rights?
John Locke
The idea that competition is needed to increase trade and wealth of a country.
Free Trade
Identify the three estates of the French population and the occupations within them.
1st Estate - Clergy
2nd Estate - Nobility/Aristocracy
3rd Estate - Peasants, Urban Workers, Middle Class.
What is the term for the process of looking at specific facts and making a general conclusion based on those facts.
Inductive Reasoning
Enlightenment thinker who published the first feminist literature in Europe.
Mary Wollstonecraft
The dividing of the government into 3 seperate branches.
Separation of Powers
What tool was used to execute thousands of French citizens during the reign of terror?
Guillotine
Using observations, experiments, and careful reasoning to gain new knowledge.
Scientific method?
Who was the leader of the Jacobins?
Maximilien Robespierre
Who said "I think therefore, I am" this Frenchman is considered the father of Psychology.
Rene Descartes
Created to ensure that no country would take over like Napoléon did in Europe.
Congress of Vienna