1
How many different judicial systems are there in the United States?
52
In this function of the courts criminals are seen as patients, and the courts perform the role of physicians who dispense “treatment”. The criminal is seen as sick, not evil, and therefore treatment is morally justified.
Rehabilitative
The authority of a court to hear and decide cases within an area of the law or a geographic territory.
Jurisdiction
This function of the court that deals with the speed and efficiency cases can be completed.
Beaurocratic
This function of the courts emphasizes punishment and retribution.
Crime Control
State courts of limited jurisdiction would try cases involving?
Prostitution, drug charges, family issues
Generally, federal courts preside over cases involving violations of federal law, while state courts preside over cases involving violations of _________?
State law
This function of the courts aims to protect individuals from the unfair advantages that the government has with its immense resources.
The formal process by which one legal authority, such as a state or nation, transfers a fugitive or a suspect to another legal authority that has a valid claim on that person.
Extradition
Courts of ___________ have no restrictions on the subject matter they may address, and therefore deal with the most serious felonies and civil cases
General Jurisdiction
The two underlying values of the criminal justice system are?
Crime Control
Due Process
Occurs when two different court systems have simultaneous jurisdiction over the same case, and it is quite common.
Concurrent Jurisdiction
The SCOTUS consists of how many Justices?
9
These courts act as reviewing courts and use no juries or witnesses.
Appelate
Generally, a court can exercise its authority over residents of a certain area. A state trial court, for example, normally has jurisdictional authority over crimes committed in a particular area of the state, such as a county or a district. This is an example of?
Geographic Jurisdiction
_______ courts are concerned with questions of fact. They are designed to determine exactly what events occurred that are relevant to questions of the defendant's guilt or innocences.
Trial
Frequently, one or more Justices disagree with the Court’s conclusion. These justices may write ________ outlining the reasons why they feel the majority erred.
Dissenting Opinions
What is an example of a subject matter court?
Drug Court, Traffic Court, Family Court etc
Federal Judges are elected or appointed how?
Appointed by the President
Each courtroom has a ______ or calendar of cases, and it is the judges responsibility to keep the _________ current.
Docket
With a ____________, the SCOTUS orders a lower court to send it the records of a case for review. A party can petition the SCOTUS to issue a ________, but whether the court will take the case is entirely up to the the Court’s discretion.
Writ of Cert
The Highest Appellate court in the state of New York is?
NYS Court of Appeals
List the three main tiers of the Federal Court System.
US District Courts
US Court of Appeals
SCOTUS
In the federal court system, there are ____ US court of appeals, also referred to as the US circuit courts of appeals.
13
These are the ONLY trial courts at the FEDERAL level.
US District Courts