Genetic Material and DNA Structure
Gene Expression, Regulation and Mutations
Translation
Transcription
DNA Replication
100
True or False? -The base pairing rule is T=A and C=G
True
100
What is a mutagen?
Agents in an environment that change DNA
100
What are the four nucleotides?
Adenine, Guaninen, Thymine, and Cytosine
100
What process is transcitption similar to?
Replication
100
The process by which DNA is copied during the cell cycle is called what?
Replication
200
What are nucleotides?
Monomer that makes up DNA
200
What is a promoter?
Dna segment that allows a gene to be transcribed. Helps RNA find where to start.
200
What are the four nucleotides in RNA?
Adenine, Guanine, Uracil, and Cytosine
200
What are the 3 kinds of RNA?
1.Messenger RNA 2.Ribosomal RNA 3.Transfer RNA
200
This is the stage of the cell cycle during which replication occurs.
Synthesis
300
What did Oswald Avery do?
He combined living rough bacteria with an extract made from sugar molecules.
300
Where are operons typically found?
In prokaryotes and roundworms
300
What are amino acids?
The building blocks of proteins
300
Which direction does information flow in the central dogma?
DNA to RNA to proteins
300
What is the shape of a DNA molecule?
A double helix
400
What is a double helix?
Two strands of DNA, wind around each other. Like a twisted ladder.
400
What can an operator do to genes?
Can turn them on and off.
400
What is a stop codon?
A group of amino acids that ends protein production.
400
What does RNA stand for?
ribonucleicacid
400
What kind of bond is formed when nucleotides form a new strand of DNA?
Hydrogen Bond
500
True or False? -Bateriophage: Virus that kills bacteria's genetic material and directs it to kill off more bacteria.
False. -Bateriophage: Virus that takes over a bacteria's genetic machinery and directs it to make more viruses.
500
True or False? -Introns are almost found in every prokaryote cell.
False. Alomost no prokaryotes have introns.
500
What is the codon for a stop codon?
UGA
500
Name the 3 processes of the central dogma of molecular biology.
1.Replication 2.Transcription 3.Translation
500
What kind of enzyme carries out the process of replication?
DNA polymerase
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