Chapter 8 pt.1
what are the components of general knowledge
Semantic memory and schemas.
How do the prototype approach and the exemplar approach differ from each other?
The exemplar approach represents a concept in terms of many specific examples of a concept.
Logical interpretations and conclusions not part of the original stimulus.
Interference
Name levels of categorization
Superordinate-level category, Basic-level category, and Subordinate-level category
One common kind of schema is called
a script
Set of objects that belong together.
Category.
Suppose that a friend missed class and asks you to tell him, word for word, about the professor's description of the next assignment. Your description captures the basic message, even though none of your sentences is precisely what your professor said. This phenomenon is a good example of
abstraction
We organize each category on the basis of a prototype. Who proposed this theory?
Eleanor Rosch
Mental representation of a category.
Concept
The well-organized knowledge that you have about the world is called
semantic memory.
Semantic memory includes general knowledge. True or False.
True
Networks of simple, neuron-like units process information simultaneously
Parallel Distributed Processing Approach
Suppose that you and a friend have been discussing cognitive psychology. You are more likely to respond quickly to the concept "semantic memory" than if you had been discussing basketball.
the semantic priming effect.
The acronym ACT-R stands for
Adaptive Control of Thought-Rational
Argues that we decide whether an item belongs to a category by comparing it to examples of that category then classifying it based on how closely it resembles those specific examples.
Exemplar Approach