Species Interaction
Name the five types of species interactions.
•Competition
•Predation
•Parasitism
•Mutualism
•Commensalism
What term refers to the number of individuals in a population?
size
Give the equation for population growth rate.
growth rate = birth rate - death rate
What is the largest population that an environment can support at any given time?
carrying capacity
Yucca moths lay eggs on the yucca flower, which provides food and shelter for the caterpillars. These caterpillars then spread the yucca seeds. What type of species interaction is this?
mutualism
In which of the following types of competition do species fight directly with each other for resources?
A. indirect
B. scramble
C. interference
A city with a high population density has ________ (more / less) people per unit of area than a city with a low population density.
How can a population have a growth rate of zero?
each pair of adults produces 2 offspring to replace themselves
Individuals that compete for social dominance and territory engage in ______________ (direct / indirect) competition.
indirect
_________________ attach themselves to sharks and feed on scraps of food left over from the shark’s meals.
remoras
Give one example of commensalism.
A bird perches on the horns of a water buffalo.
What type of dispersion would you expect to find in a population of dandelions in a woodland meadow - even, clumped, or random?
random
What is the difference between biotic potential and reproductive potential?
biotic potential - fastest rate a population can grow
reproductive potential - greatest number of offspring a species in a population can produce
Give three causes of density-dependent deaths.
limited resources, predation, disease
Which is not a symbiotic relationship?
A. NILE CROCODILE AND EGYPTIAN PLOVER
B. SHARKS AND PILOT FISH
C. HERMIT CRABS AND SEA ANENOMES
D. COYOTES AND EAGLES
D. COYOTES AND EAGLES
Describe the difference between predation and parasitism.
Predator kills and eats prey; parasite lives on or in host and usually does not kill them.
Which of the following is not an example of a population?
A. the number of snowshoe hares worldwide
B. the Canadian geese in a wildlife refuge
C. the number of dandelions in a field
D. the number of woodchucks in your backyard
A. the number of snowshoe hares worldwide
Give three ways to increase reproductive potential.
*BONUS - which way has the greatest effect?
•producing more offspring at a time
•reproducing more often
•reproducing earlier in life (*most effective)
What keeps the carrying capacity of a population at a specific number?
a limiting resource
Which has a greater population remaining in the wild - giant pandas or red pandas?
giant pandas - 1,864
red pandas - 10,000
____________ _____________ occurs when each species uses less of the niche than they are capable of using.
*BONUS: give one example of how this could occur
niche restriction
*birds nest in specific levels of a pine tree to avoid competing with each other for space
How could you determine the population density of dogs in your neighborhood?
count the number of dogs; divide the by the area of your neighborhood
Rank the following animals from shortest to longest generation time:
blue whale, human, bacteria, mouse, apple tree
bacteria, mouse, apple tree, human, blue whale
______________ ________________ deaths occur when a certain proportion of a population may die regardless of the population’s density.
density-independent
What is the generation time of a blue whale?
(closest guess gets the points!)
30.8 years