8.1/8.2 DNA Structure
8.3 DNA Replication
8.4 Transcription
8.5 Translation
Random
100
Give the complementary DNA sequence: ACCGTAT.
TGGCATA
100
The process that makes an exact copy of a cell's DNA is called...
DNA replication
100
What is the name of the process that changes DNA into RNA?
transcription
100
What is the term for a three-nucleotide sequence that codes for an amino acid?
codon.
100
Mutations that have no effect are called...
silent mutations.
200
Watson and Crick discovered that two strands of DNA join together to form a...
double helix.
200
In humans, where does DNA replication take place?
the nucleus of a cell
200
Here are the first 3 nucleotides of a DNA strand: TAC. Give the complementary RNA strand.
AUG
200
DAILY DOUBLE: How many amino acids are used to make up all of the proteins in the human body?
20
200
UV sunlight is an example of...
a mutagen.
300
What is Chargaff's Rule?
A=T and C=G
300
DAILY DOUBLE! Name the 2 functions of DNA Polymerase.
1. binds nucleotides and 2. corrects base pair errors
300
DAILY DOUBLE: Write the central dogma.
DNA ---> RNA ---> proteins
300
What happens during translation?
mRNA ---> amino acids (polypeptide/protein)
300
The main difference between the 4 nucleotides that make up DNA is that they have different... Hint: nucleotides are made up of 3 parts.
bases
400
What hold base pairs together?
hydrogen bonds.
400
The process of making new DNA molecules is semiconservative. This means that every new DNA molecule is composed of...
one original and one new strand
400
What does mRNA do?
It delivers DNA's instructions for making proteins out to the cytoplasm.
400
How many amino acids are coded for by the strand of mRNA: AUGCCUAUU
3
400
What is the term for the sections of mRNA that are spliced together during processing?
exons
500
The 4 types of nucleotides that make up DNA are named for their...
nitrogen-containing bases.
500
What occurs directly after a DNA molecule is unzipped?
free-floating nucleotides pair up with exposed bases
500
Give 3 similarities between transcription and replication.
1. both occur within the nucleus of cells 2. both involve enzymes 3. both involve unwinding DNA
500
What is the site of translation?
ribosomes in the cytoplasm
500
In gene expression (8.6), what is the main function of a promotor?
tells RNA polymerase where to start transcription
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