Focused on the Classics
Define Classical Conditioning
What is: A person’s or an animal’s old response to a prompt or stimulus becomes attached to a new prompt or stimulus
Define Operant Conditioning
What is: Learning from the consequences of behavior.
Define Social Learning
What is: Altering behavior by observing and imitating the behavior of others
Identify what this is an example of:
"After a week without taking the bus, Jimmy forgets to bring exact change the next time he tries to ride it, despite doing so every other time."
What is: Extinction
Identify the type of reinforcement used in this example:
"A car beeps constantly until the passenger fastens their seatbelt. So, the passenger fastens their seatbelt to stop the beeping."
What is: Negative Reinforcement
The two types of social learning.
What are: Modeling and cognitive learning
What is: The attempt to understand behavior and mental states in terms of relationships between observable stimuli and observable responses
The two uses of negative reinforcement.
What are: Escape conditioning and Avoidance conditioning
The three important elements behind learned helplessness.
What are: stability, globality, and internality
Identify what this is an example of:
"Pete, who finally was able to report to work physically after the renovations, immediately set about cleaning his computer screen of smudges as he used to."
What is: Spontaneous Recovery
Identify what this is an example of:
"A person combines the simple behaviors of keeping their balance, pedaling their feet, and turning handles in the direction they want to go into the more complex behavior of riding a bike."
The three types of modeling.
What are: Mimicry, observational learning, and disinhibition.
Identify what this is an example of:
"Harry, who has a tendency of immediately answering his phone whenever it rings, hears a tune similar to his ringtone an immediately reaches for his phone"
What is: Generalization
The schedules that tend to provide the most consistent or strongest reinforcement to a behavior.
What is: Partial schedules.
The elements of behavior modification.
What is: A combination of classic conditioning, operant conditioning, and social learning.