Compounding
What is known as the on-demand formulation of a prescribed drug prepared to meet someone's unique needs?
Extemporaneous compounding
Balance
What are liquid drugs, solvents, and additives measured in?
Volumetric glassware or plasticware
What is a mortar and pestle used for?
To mix solids and semisolids
What is a syrup?
A concentrated or nearly saturated solution of sucrose in water
What is chapter <795>?
Regulations from USP-NF for compounding non-sterile preparations
What is the sensitivity required for a Class III torsion?
6mg
What does volumetric mean?
Measures volume
What is a geometric dilution?
A technique for mixing two powders of unequal quantity
What are the two methods used to make syrups?
With or without heat
Preparations of dermatologicals, suspensions, and suppositories are all examples of what?
Types of compounding
What should always be placed on the balance?
Weighing papers and weighing boats
What does TD mean?
To deliver
What is the triturating a powder with a solvent in which it is insoluble to reduce its particle size?
Levigation
What is the pH and alcohol content of Acacia?
Alcohol: 0
What is a formulation record?
Formulas and procedures for what should happen when a preparation is compounded
What is an aliquot?
A portion of a mixture
What are micropipets used for?
To measure very small volumes (less than 1mL)
What is an EMP?
An electric mortar and pestle
What are the most common compound nonaqueous solutions?
Elixirs, collodions, and oleaginous
Why would someone need a compounded drug? (Just name one)
-Pediatric patients requiring diluted adult strengths of formulations
-Patients who need an oral solution or suspensions of a product that is only available in another form
-Patients with sensitivity to dyes, preservatives, or flavoring agents
-Dermatological preparations with fortified or diluted concentrations
-Specialized dosages for therapeutic drug monitoring
-Special care for hospice patients in pain management
-Providing medications that are no longer commercially available or in temporary shortage
-Drugs being used off-label, which might involve dosages that are not commercially available
-Preparing total parenteral nutrition (TPN) solutions
-Preparing radiopharmaceuticals
What are the general rules for using and maintaining all types of balances? (Just name one)
-Always use the balance on a level surface and in a draft free area
-Always use weighing papers or weighing boats.
-A clean weighing paper or boat should be used for each new ingredient to prevent cross contamination of components
-Use a spatula to add or remove ingredients from the balance instead of pouring ingredients out of the bottle
-Always clean the balance, close the lid, and arrest the pans before storing the balance between uses
What is the first step of using a single volume pipet?
Using a rubber bulb for suction, draw the liquid into the pipet until it is above the graduation mark
The mill has three ceramic rollers that are machined to extremely closed tolerance. The degree of uniformity can be controlled by adjusting the spacing between the rollers. The closer the tolerance between the set of rollers, the more the preparation's particle size is reduced, and the more uniform the preparations. Two side guides on top of the rollers help place the preparation onto the back set of rollers. The preparation then moves through the mill and onto the scraper plate.
What are some nonaqueous solutions? (Name one)
-Elixirs
-Tinctures
-Spirits
-Fluid extracts
-Glycerates
-Collodions
-Liniments
-Oleaginous solutions