Phobias
OCD
Treatments
Explanations
Wild Card
100
Name two specific phobias and explain what they are
refer to pg.290
100
What is OCD?
It is when people have recurring disturbing thoughts and have a need to perform repetitive actions
100
What is the biggest downfall of anxiety therapy?
None of it is 100% effective
100
What is preparedness? What does it explain? Explain the study that links with this.
Humans have a genetic predisposition to develop certain fears. It explains the biological ideas behind phobias. Ohman did a study that showed people responded to pictures of snakes and spiders more than houses and faces.
100
What is different about anxiety disorders compared to psychotic disorders?
They have insight (they now they have an anxiety disorder)
200
What is a phobia?
A persistent and unreasonable fear of a particular object, activity or situation.
200
Aggressive obsessions are related to _____ rituals Dirt obsessions are related to ______ rituals Obsession with symmetry are related to ______ rituals
checking, washing, ordering
200
What is systematic desensitization and how can it help phobias and OCD?
It is a stepped process that gets patients to use relaxation techniques to overcome anxiety while slowly working up to the event itself.
200
Explain the psychodynamic theory of phobias and Little Hans.
The ego uses displacement to deal with a conflict between the id and superego. Little Hans is a boy who was scared of horses because he was really suffering from an Oedipus complex.
200
Name the three ways anxiety disorders show themselves.
cognitive, behavioural, somatic
300
There was a case study about a woman with her foot stuck between rocks but a river. What explanation does this match up to? What is this story explaining?
This was an explanation for the behavioural theory and classical conditioning. The lady was afraid of running water because she heard the nearby stream while experiencing anxiety from being stuck in the rocks.
300
How does operant and classical conditioning have an effect that will cause OCD?
If someone is completing a task while highly anxious and the anxiety reduces while doing that task the person will continue to do that task whenever they have the same sorts of thoughts
300
Explain the drug therapies for phobias and OCD.
Anxiety comes from imbalanced neurotransmitters. Antidepressants are used for phobias and serotonin increasers are used for OCD
300
How does the cognitive approach explain OCD?
They say that the person has a thought that disturbs them and they think about it in the wrong way and try to make up for it but neutralizing it with a behaviour.
300
What is a panic attack?
A rapid increase in anxiety with intense feelings of fear. They feel they have lost control of everything and that they will die.
400
Name and explain the three main types of phobias
Agoraphobia: fear of open spaces Social: fear of social performance where embarrassment can occur specific: any object or thing that does not fit into the other two categories
400
Why is OCD an anxiety disorder.
The thoughts make the person anxious which induces the repetitive behaviours
400
Explain cognitive therapy treatments for phobias and OCD
The main goal is to change they way patients think about catastrophic thoughts by restructuring thought and rehearsing proper ways of thinking
400
Explain how the psychodynamic theory explains OCD
They say it has to do with the id making disturbing thoughts and the superego making you feel bad about it so that the ego uses defence mechanisms to counterbalance the two. The most common being reaction formation, isolation and undoing.
400
Explain the Hodgson and Rachman study which supports the behavioural explanation of OCD
People who went in to a "dirty" room and reported that washing their hands reduces their anxiety
500
How does social learning theory relate to phobias?
If a friend or family member is afraid of something you may also be afraid of it because they are.
500
OCD is equally common in males and females. True or false? If false, what are the percentages?
True
500
Explain psychodynamic therapy for phobias and OCD
They perform dream analysis and free association to link conflicts in childhood psychosexual stages to the phobia or obsessive thoughts and behaviours.
500
What are the biological explanations for OCD?
Close relatives are more likely to have the disorder, caused y low serotonin in brain, orbital frontal cortex is affected by it
500
Explain Freud's rat man
A man was suffering from OCD because he was in a conflict of love hate. He heard a story that in the army as a punishment they would strap a pot of rats to your bottom and he was afraid this would happen to his father and a young lady
M
e
n
u