This dynasty temporarily unified India between 321-185 BCE, and had leaders such as Chandragupta and Ashoka.
What is the Mauryan Dynasty?
100
The Aryans changed the economic focus of many Indians from ____________ to _____________.
What is herding to agriculture?
100
India was typically this kind of society, where men are more respected and are granted more power.
What is patriarchal?
100
Ancient Indian religions gave most power to this group, who completed ritual sacrifice and were exempt from taxation.
Who are the Brahmins?
100
What are the Buddhist and Hindu concepts of enlightenment / release from reincarnation called?
What are
Buddhism: Nirvana
Hinduism: Moksha
200
Kautalya, a political advisor, wrote Arthashastra, which included methods of administering an empire such as...
What is overseeing trade and agriculture / collecting taxes / maintaining order / conducting foreign relations / waging war / making use of spies.
200
What role did empire play in increasing trade with India?
What is the growth of imperial states led to political foundations for trade, direct political and military links with merchants in other areas led to long-distance trading relationships.
200
Describe how marriage worked in the Gupta empire.
What is there were many child marriages, where young girls were betrothed to men much older. Once a girl reached puberty, she officially married her husband.
200
This religion is difficult to follow, and impresses upon people that everything has a soul and one must shed burdens of karma by life purely and not harming anyone or anything.
What is Jainism?
200
Summarize the plot of the Ramayana.
What is a love story of Rama and his wife Sita, and the success of their loyalty through difficult times?
300
This leader famously conquered Kalinga and governed an entire subcontinent. He encouraged trade through roads, centralized tax collections, and wrote "Rock and Pillar Edicts." He also supported Buddhism.
Who is Ashoka Maurya?
300
This natural phenomenon helped expand trade routes.
What are the monsoon winds? (In spring and summer, wind blows from SW. In fall and winter, winds blow from NE.)
300
This caste emerged later, and did the "dirtiest jobs" of undertaker, etc.
Who are the Untouchables?
300
This is a policy of non-violence, followed by many religions and social activists including Gandhi and Martin Luther King, Jr.
What is ahimsa?
300
This form of Buddhism made it more applicable to the laity, who not longer had the renounce the entire world in order to be on the path for salvation.
What is Mahayana Buddhism?
400
This led to the decline of the Mauryan empire.
What is financial suffering - army and bureaucrats too expensive to maintain. They debased their currency.
400
Identify at least one export and import of classical India.
What are
EXPORTS: Cotton, aromatics, black pepper, pearls, gems
IMPORTS: Horses, bullion, silk
400
Identify and describe the four main castes recognized by the Aryans.
What are:
BRAHMINS: Priests
KSHATRIYAS: Warriors and aristocrats
VAISHYAS: Peasants and merchants
SHUDRAS: Serfs
400
Describe the Buddhist "Four Noble Truths"
What is
1. All life involves suffering
2. Desire is the root of suffering
3. Elimination of desire brings and end to suffering
4. One can eliminate desire through Noble Eightfold Path
400
These are the four ethical teachings of Hinduism.
What are:
1. Dharma: Obedience to religious / moral law
2. Artha: Pursuit of economic well-being and prosperity.
3. Kama: Enjoyment of social, physical, and sexual pelasure
4. Moksha: Salvation of the soul
500
Identify three features / accomplishments of the Gupta dynasty.
What is conquered many regional kingdoms, allowed local governments and administrations to have power, brought stability and prosperity to India, established tributary alliances with other regions who did not participate in the military.
500
Identify 3 regions India traded with during the Mauryan and Gupta empires.
What are China, Mediterranean, Indonesia, Europe?
500
As trading and manufacturing grew, this subcaste emerged and organized people according to their job.
What is the jati?
500
Hinduism reinforced the caste system through this short poem included in the Mahabharata.
What is the Bahagavad Gita?
500
Describe how Buddhism flourished in India early on.
What are:
1. It was easier to follow than Jainism
2. It was preached often
3. It was not written in Sanskrit, which only Brahmins read
4. It did not support caste system
5. It had official support of Ashoka Maurya