Market Revolution (Section 9-1)
Samuel F. B. Morse's Invention:
The telegraph
Product Improved by Charles Goodyear:
Rubber
Meaning of "Manifest Destiny":
The belief that U.S. expansion to the Pacific was inevitable and ordained by God.
Founder of the Mormon Religion:
Joseph Smith
Mexico's Reason for Inviting American Settlers into Texas:
To prevent Native American raids and boost the economy.
Major Change in the U.S. Economy:
Americans began to buy and sell goods rather than make them.
Revolutionary Invention in Clothing Production (Howe/Singer):
The sewing machine
Purpose of the Treaty of Fort Laramie (1851):
To provide Native American nations control over Central Plains land and ensure peace with settlers.
Brigham Young's Contribution:
He led the Mormons west to Salt Lake City, Utah.
What Empresarios Had to Do for Land Grants:
Pledge to obey Mexican laws and practice Catholicism.
Specialization in the Market Revolution:
Raising one or two crops to sell for profit.
Impact of the Telegraph:
It allowed instant communication over long distances.
Why Many Americans Moved West in the 1840s:
To seek land and a fresh economic start.
Purpose of the Santa Fe Trail:
To establish trade between Missouri and New Mexico.
Stephen F. Austin's Role:
He founded a successful American colony in Texas.
Capitalism
A system where private businesses control production to earn profits.
Significance of the Erie Canal:
It connected the Northeast to the Midwest, reducing shipping costs.
Event That Led Many Settlers to Travel West:
The Panic of 1837
Key Danger Along the Oregon Trail:
Disease like cholera and diarrhea.
Tensions Between Anglo Settlers and Mexican Government:
Anglos were largely Protestant, spoke English, and supported slavery.
Entrepreneur:
A person who risks money in new businesses for potential profit.
Why Railroads Replaced Canals:
Railroads were faster and could reach inland areas.
"Fifty-Four Forty or Fight!" Refers To:
The dispute over the northern boundary of the Oregon Territory.
Effect of U.S. Government Policies on Native Americans:
Native American lands were taken, treaties were broken, and many were forced onto reservations.
Mexico's Action in 1830 in Response to Anglo Immigration:
Sealed its borders and taxed American imports.