The leader and acclaimed prophet that founded Islam is called:
Muhammad
100
What is the name that means "Successor" and describes the person chosen to lead the Islamic world after Muhammad's death?
the caliph
100
How did the treatment of women change under the Abbasid rule?
At first women had many rights and were considered equal to men. Then, they began to lose political power and were kept separate from men in public. Starting under the Abbasid empire, many Muslim women were required to wear veils.
100
what are minarets?
tall towers from which Muslims are called to pray throughout the day
200
The holy text of the Islamic faith is the __________.
Qur'an
200
Who was the first caliph?
Abu Bakr
200
One of the most important achievements of Muslim scholars was the translation of works by scientists and philosophers from ancient _______.
Greece
200
What is a caliphate?
the area controlled by a caliph
300
The ____________ were Arabic nomads living at the time Islam was founded.
Bedouins
300
What is the basic difference between the beliefs of Sunnis and Shia?
The Sunnis believe most Muslims can interpret the Qur'an and live a good life by themselves, Shia believe that only leaders (called imams) who are descended from Ali can interpret the Qur'an
300
Why was the astrolabe an important invention for the world?
Helped navigation
300
What field did Ibn SIna contribute to?
medicine
400
List 3 of the Five Pillars of Islam
1. Profession of Faith
2. Daily Prayers
3. Giving of Alms (charity)
4. Fasting (especially during holy month of Ramadan)
5. the Hajj: a pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca
400
Explain in detail one way that the Abbasids ruled the Islamic Empire differently that the Umayyads.
The Abbasids ruled like the Persians, by keeping their leaders separate and "above" common people. They made Islam more attractive to people who weren't Arabic.
400
Why don't most Islamic artists make images of human or animal figures?
They believe it is a sin to tempt people to worship images rather than Allah
400
What does the word "jihad" refer to?
a struggle- can be meant to protect the Islamic community or to convert others to Islam
500
Name the text that describes how Muhammad lived and provides an example for Muslims to follow.
Then, name the legal system that is based on Islamic teachings.
Clue: they both start with "s"
The Sunna
Sharia
500
List 3 things that led to the end of a single, united Islamic Empire
People unhappy with how the Abbasids ruled; invasions by the Seljuk Turks, Mamluks, and Mongols; the Fatimid Dynasty split off of the empire
500
Why is calligraphy important to Muslim artists?
It is a way of trying to show the Qur'an in the most perfect form possible
500
what was the hegira?
Muhammad's journey to Medina after he was kicked out of Mecca. It is considered the beginning of the Muslim calendar