1
State courts are generally divided into three levels, with _______ at the top of the hierarchy.
Courts of last resort or State Supreme Court
When the U.S. Supreme Court orders the lower court to “forward up the record” of a case that has been tried so the high court can review it, it issues a....
writ of certiorari
The territory, subject matter, or people over which a court or other justice agency may exercise lawful authority.
Jurisdiction
The court officer who keeps order in the courtroom and maintains custody of the jury is the...
Bailiff
_______________ involves moving a trial from one jurisdiction to another.
Change of venue
_______________ means, literally, “new trial.”
Trial de Novo
Courts that review decisions made by lower courts have _____________ jurisdiction.
Appellate
What is the party called that initiates an appeal?
Appellant
Judges at the trial level are primarily responsible for ensuring _____________ is followed in the courtroom.
Due process
Which participant in the courtroom work group is responsible for maintaining the official record of proceedings?
Clerk of the court
A ____________ is a written order requiring someone to appear in court to testify.
subpeona
A _______________ is a person who has special knowledge recognized by the court as relevant to the determination of the guilt or innocence of the accused.
Expert witness
What is the lowest level of federal courts?
U.S. District Courts
Indigency refers to the criteria used by...
Judges to determine eligibility of defendants for court-appointed counsel.
The professional courtroom actors who earn a living serving the court are the...
Courtroom work group
An elected or appointed public official who presides over a court of law is
Judge
The U.S. Supreme Court is composed of _______ Justices.
9
The decision-making power of prosecutors is called?
Prosecutorial Discretion
Generally, the request that a court with appellate jurisdiction review the judgment, decision, or order of a lower court.
Appeal
An eyewitness, character witness, or any other person called upon to testify.
Lay witness
In Gideon v. Wainwright (1963), the U.S. Supreme Court held that...
the right to appointed counsel applies to all indigent defendants in state court who are charged with a felony
The 1803 case of ____________ established the U.S. Supreme Court’s authority as final interpreter of the U.S. Constitution.
Marbury v. Madison
What are the 4 main duties of a prosecutor?
Present the evidence, question witnesses, decide charges, and work towards a conviction.
Court reporters create a _____________ record of everything said during official court proceedings.
Verbatim or exact, word for word
Clerk of the Court