9.1
What Latin words mean ''middle age''?
Medieval
What is saint?
A holy person
What is a fief?
An estate to a vassal
The increasing use of horseshoes protected what?
Horses' soft hooves
What were mendicant orders?
Founded to fight heresy and to preach to ordinary people
What European history between ancient times and modern times roughly from 500 CE-1500 CE?
Middle Ages
What else did the Church control?
Land and wealthy
What age could a boy who was to become a knight was sent to the castle of his fathers lord?
7
What is crop rotation?
The practice of changing the use of fields over time
What is another saying of the Middle Ages ?
Age of Faith
What did geographers sometimes describe Europe as?
Peninsula of Peninsulas
What did secular rulers struggle with against the influence of the Church?
They argued over whether the pope and secular leaders had the right to choose local bishops
What was expected to become a knight?
brave, loyal, and generous
What did farmers develop when using crop rotation?
The three-field-system
What did a rose symbolize?
Spiritual truth
What is a topography?
The physical features of its surface that is varied
What are sacraments?
the sacred rites of the Christian Church, such as baptism and communion
What were serfs?
Peasants who were legally bound to the lords land
What could form guilds
Merchants, grocers, and shoemakers
Who established the Franciscan order?
St. Francis
In 717, what leader united the Frankish lands under his rule?
Charles Martel or Charles the Hammer
What happened when Christianity spread?
The Catholic Church gradually became a powerful force in Europe
Where were manors centered?
Around the lords house or castle
What is another word for ceased?
Declined
What did Thomas Aquinas believe?
Natural Law