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Principal components of a fluid mosaic model
lipids, proteins, and carbohydrates
Proteins with hydrophobic and hydrophilic regions, located in the phospholipid bilayer
What are integral proteins?
Selectively permeable
What is cell membrane?
Higher temperatures make the membrane less fluid by restraining phospholipid movement. Lower temperatures cholesterol maintains fluidity by preventing close packing of phospholipids
molecules that are found on the exterior surface of the plasma membrane that are bound to either proteins or lipids
What are carbohydrates(glycoproteins and glycolipids)?
Hydrophilic, phosphate-containing group, negative charge
What is phosphate head area?
What is passive transport?
Functions of Membrane proteins
What are transport, receptors, enzymes, structural support, link adjacent cells, and cell-cell recognition?
Attach to molecules in the extracellular space, leads to cellular reaction, how external signals lead to an internal cellular response
What are integral receptor proteins?
Can diffuse through biological membranes using diffusion
What are small nonpolar molecules( O2, CO2, and lipid hormones)
What is facilitated transport?
Hydrophilic in the top, bottom and inner core and specific to each solute
What are channel proteins?
Transport out of the cell
What is exocytosis?
Organisms whose cells have cell walls prefer hypotonic extracellular solutions because a hypotonic environment cause water to enter cell and gives plants turgor pressure
What is osmoregulation?
cell-to-cell recognition, immune system recognizing self vs nonself
What is the glycocalyx?
transport that requires ATP
What is active transport?
uses electrochemical gradient created by primary active transport to move a different substance against its concentration gradient
What is secondary active transport?
Water will move from an area of...
causes plasmolysis
What is Hypertonic solutions?
Na+ K+ pump moves _#_ ______ out and _#_ ______ in using _#_ ATP
what is 3 Na+, 2 K+, and 1
3 Types of Bulk Transport and what the name means
Phagocytosis- cell eating
PinoCytosis-cell drinking
Receptor-mediated endocytosis(ligand binds to specific receptor)
Establishes the concentration gradients
What is Na+ K+ pump?
Three types of carrier proteins and what they carry
What is Uniporter carries one molecule or ion, Symporter carries two different molecules or ions, in the same direction, Antiporter carries two different molecules or ions, in different directions?
Electrochemical gradiants arise from combined effects of...
Contains more negatively charged molecules(anions and proteins)
What is the cytoplasm