Ideology
What is ideology?
Systematic body of ideas held by a group
Whose idea is about cultural products reflecting power relations rooted in the economic base of society?
Karl Marx
What approach is used to define popular culture that involves looking at sales figures, audience preferences, or widespread favor?
Quantitative approach
What kind of culture is made to sell to many people and is often the same for everyone?
Mass culture
This 1997 epic romance film directed by James Cameron became the first movie to earn over $1 billion at the box office.
Titanic
What can be ideological ideas of political parties?
Political, economic, social ideas
What ideology feminists argue that it also distorts social relations, not just class relations?
Gender
What category of culture is often defined as remains after high culture is determined?
The residual category
What ideology that some people worry that popular culture can make local traditions disappear, especially because of this country's influence?
Americanization
This Japanese animated film studio, founded by Hayao Miyazaki, is known worldwide for films like Spirited Away and My Neighbor Totoro.
Studio Ghibli
What are the roles of ideology?
Masking, distorting, concealing
According to Marx, what type of culture in society is determined by the way this is organized?
Economic production
Bourdieu argued that cultural distinctions, such as between high and popular culture, are often used to support what?
Class differences
What concept or idea that popular culture analysts use to show struggles between dominant and subordinate groups?
Hegemony
Originating in Jamaica in the 1960s, this music genre influenced the global rise of artists like Bob Marley and later inspired British bands like The Police.
Reggae
What is false consciousness?
Distorted reality
Who said that ideology works through meanings in texts and practices, making some cultural ideas seem natural and normal?
Roland Barthes
What kind of institution plays a role in sustaining the differences between high culture and popular culture?
Education
What is the construction of popular culture that connects to political ideas according to Gramsci?
Power
What food brand is often cited as a symbol of this type of global cultural phenomenon, where products and practices spread widely and influence local cultures?
McDonald
What is capitalist ideology?
Conceals economic domination
Louis Althusser said that embedded ideology found in everyday practices like holidays and customs help maintain what bigger ideology?
Capitalism
What approach views popular culture as an ideological machine that reproduces existing power structures?
Structuralism
Before industrialization, what are the two main types of cultures that were divided?
Common and elite cultures
This term, coined by Joseph Nye, refers to a country’s ability to influence others through attraction and culture rather than military or economic force.
Soft power