What is Federalism?
This type of government divides power between national and state governments.
What is federalism?
Powers explicitly listed in the Constitution for the national government.
What are enumerated powers?
This economic crisis led to an increase in federal power through New Deal programs.
What is the Great Depression?
This term refers to different levels of government working together.
What is cooperative federalism?
The idea that states can test new policies before they are adopted nationally is known as this.
What is "laboratories of democracy"?
This amendment reserves powers not explicitly given to the federal government for the states.
What is the Tenth Amendment?
This clause allows Congress to pass laws necessary to execute its powers.
What is the Necessary and Proper Clause (Elastic Clause)?
This president implemented the New Deal, increasing federal government involvement.
Who is Franklin D. Roosevelt?
The EPA partnering with state governments to enforce environmental laws is an example of this.
What is federal-state cooperation?
Federalism allows states to have different laws, but this can lead to disparities in areas like education and healthcare.
What is policy inequality?
The debate over federal vs. state power was a key issue leading to this war.
What is the Civil War?
This landmark case upheld the federal government's power to create a national bank.
What is McCulloch v. Maryland?
New Deal programs like Social Security and public works projects shifted power toward this level of government.
What is the federal government?
This Supreme Court case expanded the federal government’s power under the Commerce Clause.
What is Gibbons v. Ogden?
This type of federalism, promoted in the 1980s, sought to return power to the states.
What is New Federalism?
This term describes powers shared by both state and national governments.
What are concurrent powers?
The Full Faith and Credit Clause requires states to recognize these from other states.
What are legal decisions, contracts, and official records?
This type of grant provides federal money to states for specific programs, like education or transportation.
What are categorical grants?
Immigration policy and marijuana legalization are examples of this type of tension between states and the federal government.
What are federal-state conflicts?
A shift in federal power often happens during these national events, such as wars or economic crises.
What are national emergencies?
States having different laws on issues like marijuana legalization is an example of this feature of federalism.
What is policy diversity?
This term describes when national and state governments operate separately, like layers in a cake.
What is dual federalism?
One criticism of New Deal programs was that these groups were often left out or negatively impacted.
Who are minorities and marginalized communities?
Some states have sued the federal government over these unfunded requirements imposed without financial support.
What are unfunded mandates?
This clause in the Constitution ensures that federal laws take precedence over state laws.
What is the Supremacy Clause?