Chem Basics
The outermost shell of the atom.
Valence
Carbohydrates are the source of ______ for living organisms.
Energy
Inorganic compounds do not contain _____.
Carbon
The "breaking" of chemical bonds as atoms are rearranged to form new chemical substances...
chemical reaction
Define "inert".
Non-reactive- elements have full outer shell electrons.
Ions with a negative charge are called...
anions
What element do proteins contain that carbohydrates do not?
Nitrogen
Soluble compounds that conduct electrical currents...
Electrolytes
During a chemical reaction, the enzyme's composition changes. True or False?
False
Bond for atoms that share electrons....
Covalent
What are the basic units of matter?
Atoms and Elements
What differentiates each of the amino acids?
its R Group
Give three examples of inorganic compounds...
water, acids, bases, salts (electrolytes)
In living organisms, a hydrogen bond is a weak bond. True or False?
True
What are isotopes?
They differ in the number of neutrons in the nucleus.
What are three names for electron shells...
energy levels
orbitals
valence shells
Name the polysaccharide that is stored in the body for use as needed.
Where is it stored?
Glycogen, Liver
provide numerical levels for the pH scale for acids, neutrals, and bases...
0-6.99 acids
7.00 neutral
7.01-14 bases
What type of reaction is this: A + B --> AB + energy
exergonic reaction
Bond for a pair of electrons unequally shared between two atoms...
polar covalent
In what form is fat mostly stored in the human body?
Triglycerides
Purines (two-ringed Nitrogenous base) found in DNA...
Pyrimidines (single-ringed Nitrogenous base) found in DNA...
And in RNA?
Adenine, Guanine
Cytosine, Thymine
Cytosine, Uracil
Name five special qualities of water...
high heat capacity
universal solvent
cohesive properties
adhesive properties
polarity
Compounds that are broken down by chemical reactions in the body are called...
Metabolites
Define buffer...
A solution that resists changes in pH when an acid or base is added to it. It helps to maintain homeostasis in living organisms.