Minerals: The Building Blocks of Rocks
What are rocks made out of?
nonliving substances called minerals
How are igneous rocks formed?
They are formed by extreme heat.
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
They are formed from tiny pieces of broken rocks pressed together
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
They are formed by extreme heat and pressure deep inside Earth.
Which out of these properties; the color purple, hard, soft, shiny best describes a piece of quartz?
The color purple
Igneous rock that cools above the Earth's surface comes from ________.
lava
What are sediments?
sediments are tiny broken bits of rocks, plants, bones, and shells
The cycle by which rocks change from one form to another is called the_______ _______.
Rock Cycle
What is the difference between a mineral and a rock?
A rock is made up of multiple minerals. A mineral is a nonliving substance.
Melted rock below Earth's surface is called_____.
Magma
What can we learn about sedimentary layers?
In the sediment that forms in a sedimentary rock, there are often pieces of living things, such as leaves and bones. The remains of living things from long ago are fossils.
What type of metamorphic rock is used to make glass?
Quartzite
What are the 5 properties that help identify minerals?
1. Color
2. Luster
3. Cleavage
4. Streak
5. Hardness
What is the difference between intrusive igneous rocks and extrusive igneous rocks?
Intrusive is when magma cools and hardens below the Earth's surface.
Extrusive is when lava cools and hardens above Earth's surface.
What are the three main types of sedimentary rocks?
1. Limestone
2. Sandstone
3. Conglomerate
What are the 4 main types of metamorphic rocks?
1. Gneiss
2. Quartzite
3. Marble
4. Slate
Silver has a hardness that is about a 2. Why isn't silver used to make airplanes?
Because it is too soft, you could scratch it off with you fingernail.
If lava cools in a few hours, what size will the crystals be like?
small, the faster it cools the smaller the crystals are formed.
What causes a sedimentary rock to become a metamorphic rock?
Over lots of time with heat and pressure.
Do you think that you could find a fossil in a metamorphic rock?
no because of the HEAT.