Chapter 1
The study of the structure.
What is physiology?
The universal solvent.
What is water?
Cell membranes have this type of barrier.
What is selectively permeable?
All chemical reactions in a body.
What is metabolism?
Causes fluid to flow.
What is a pressure gradient?
In the cell membrane, on the cell membrane, in the cytosol, in the nuclues.
Where are cell receptor molecules found?
Comes after "molecule" in the hierarchy of organization.
What is the cell?
A highly soluble substance.
What is very likely to dissolve in water?
This cellular subunit is responsible for eliminating toxins.
What is a peroxisome?
Exergonic reactions
What produces energy?
The transport process that allows water to move through cell membranes.
What is simple diffusion?
A cell increases the number of receptors in its membrane.
What is up regulation?
The buffer between the outside world and most cells in the body.
What is extra cellular fluid?
O, H, C, N.
(Not looking for the names.)
What are essential elements for living organisms.
The capacity to do work.
What is energy?
Energy stored in chemical bonds.
What is potential energy?
25% plasma, 75% interstitial fluid.
What is extracellular fluid?
Evaluates an incoming signal and compares it to the setpoint.
What is the integrating center?
Keeps our systems at or near their setpoints.
What are negative feedback loops?
Molecule with an unpaired electron.
What is a free radical?
Cellular control center.
What is the nucleus?
Lowers the energy needed to activate a reaction.
What is an enzyme?
Structural proteins, membrane enzymes, membrane receptor proteins, and transport proteins.
What are functions of membrane proteins?
The difference between autocrine and paracrine signals.
What is the cell cell that responds to it?
This approach explains why red blood cells carry oxygen.
What is telological?
Anions do this to one another.
What is repel each other?
Makes, processes, and packages proteins.
What is the golgi apparatus?
When there is no net change in the amount of substrates or products.
What is a chemical reaction in equilibrium?
Combination of concentration and electrical gradients allows for movement of these.
What are ions?
Activates cyclic AMP.
What is protein kinase A?