Nature of Law
The order or pattern of rules used by society to govern the conduct of individuals and their relationships.
Law
A body of principles that establishes the structure of a government and the relationship of that government to the people who are governed.
Constitution
This classification of law creates, defines, and regulates rights and liabilities.
Substantive
The authority of courts to hear cases is called this.
Jurisdiction
This party initiates the proceedings of a criminal case in which charges are brought.
Prosecutor
A legal capacity to require another person to perform or refrain from performing an act.
Right
These are rules promulgated by state and federal administrative agencies.
Administrative Regulations
This classification of law specifies the steps that must be followed in enforcing rights and liabilities.
Procedural
These courts have the authority to hear the original proceedings in a case.
Courts of original jurisdiction
This party initiates proceedings in a court of original jurisdiction.
Plaintiff
An obligation of law imposed on a person to perform or refrain from performing an act.
Duty
This law consists of the rules and regulations parties agree to as part of their contractual relationships.
Private Law
This classification of law defines wrongs against society.
Criminal
This is the power to hear and decide most controversies involving legal rights and duties.
General jurisdiction
All the documents filed in the initial phase of a case are referred to as this.
Pleadings
Rights given by this cannot be taken away or violated by any statutes, ordinances, or court decisions.
The U.S. Constitution
Principles expressed for the first time in court decisions.
Case Law
This classification of law defines the rights of one person against another.
Civil
These courts have the power to hear only particular kinds of cases.
Limited or special jurisdiction
Procedures for ascertaining facts prior to the time of trial in order to eliminate the element of surprise in litigation is called this.
Discovery
This gives individuals protection against unreasonable searches and seizures by the government.
The Fourth Amendment
This is the name for a court's decision on a new question or problem.
Precedent
This is a body of law that provides justice when the application of the law would be terribly unfair or does not offer an adequate solution.
Equity
This is the power of a court to hear and decide a given class of cases on appeal from another court or administrative agency.
Appellate jurisdiction.
The preliminary examination of a juror or a witness to ascertain fitness of the individual to act as such is called this.
Voir dire examination or jury selection